Analisis Perbandingan Makna Kesinoniman Gairaigo dan Kango pada Situs Berita NHK

Comparative Analysis of Definitive Meaning between Kango and Gairaigo in NHK News Site

Bahasa serapan merupakan fenomena peminjaman suatu bahasa asing ke dalam bahasa lokal, dalam Bahasa Jepang, bahasa serapan dikenal dengan sebutan gairaigo yang memiliki arti bahasa yang datang dari luar, namun terdapat pula kango yang sejatinya juga merupakan bahasa serapan dari China. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengertian mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persamaan arti (kesinoniman) pada kango dan gairaigo. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teori referensial Ogden dan Richards sebagai landasan penelitian. Data penelitian diambil dari artikel berita NHK yang memuat mengenai berita khusus korona pada bidang sekolah. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil sebagai berikut, 7 pasang kata memiliki perbedaan faktor kesinoniman dengan nuansa makna sebagai faktor dengan jumlah paling tinggi. Nomina abstrak tercatat memiliki jumlah tertinggi dengan perbedaan pada faktor kesinoniman.

Loanwords is a phenomenon of borrowing foreign words from one country to another, in Japanese such phenomenon is also known as gairaigo which literally means language that comes from foreign country, aside from that there is also kango which is technically can also be called loanwords from China. These two loanwords have some similarities between them, one of which is it's words meaning. This research attempts to analyze factors
that affects similar-meaning words of the two groups and thus also seek which factors of gairaigo and kango that differ apart. Qualitative descriptive approach will be used, while Ogden and Richard's referential theory of
meaning will stand as the theoretical basis of this research. The data is derrived from NHK news article that contains school related corona cases, which then proceed to be filtered on fixed criteria and then analyzed. The
result is as follows, a total of 27 pair of words which resemblances their kango/gairaigo counterpart is found and 20 of them has a total resemblance. This leaves 7 different word pairs which has difference in one or more factors, with words nuance as the highest occurrence that happens in all 7 pairings. On the other hands, abstract nouns had been found to be more prone to bear a difference on given factors, compared to other nouns type.
Key Words: loan words, synonym, kango, gairaigo