KEEFEKTIFAN KONSELING KELOMPOK REALITA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EGO IDENTITY PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMA

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REALITY GROUP COUNSELING TO INCREASE EGO IDENTITY IN ELEVENTH GRADE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

                Ditemukan fenomena pelanggaran aturan sebagai dampak Ego identity rendah di kelas XI SMAN 20 Surabaya, misalnya perilaku membolos, berpacaran, menggunakan make up dll. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  mengetahui keefektifan penerapan konseling kelompok realita untuk meningkatkan ego identity peserta didik. Rumusan Masalah yang dikaji adalah apakah konseling kelompok realita efektif untuk meningkatkan ego identity peserta didik ? Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif eksperimen dengan model pre eksperimental one group pretest – posttest. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran angket ego identity berdasarkan teori Erikson tahun 1968 yang telah diuji validitasnya menggunakan Pearson Product Moment dengan N = 33, taraf signifikansi 5% dan rtabel sebesar 0,344. Angket tersebut juga mendapatkan skor Alpha Cronbach sebesar 0,891 yang artinya sangat reliabel. Subjek penelitian yang diberikan perlakuan merupakan 8 orang peserta didik kelas XI - 1 dan XI – 2 dengan ego identity rendah. Teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan skor pretest ke posttest dengan N-Gain persen sebesar 109,18 > 76 sehingga konseling kelompok realita dinilai “efektif” untuk meningkatkan ego identity. Kemudian Asymp.Sig (2 - tailed) pada uji Wilcoxon, menunjukkan skor sebesar 0,012 < 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ego identity peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 20 Surabaya dapat ditingkatkan secara efektif melalui pemberian layanan konseling kelompok realita. Jadi, Guru BK diharapkan mampu mempertimbangkan efisiensi penggunaan konseling kelompok realita dalam mengatasi masalah peserta didik. Lalu, peneliti selanjutnya dengan penelitian serupa diharapkan dapat lebih memperhatikan asas – asas konseling dalam implementasi konseling kelompok realita.

Kata kunci : Pretest, Posttest, Ego identity, Konseling Kelompok Realita.

The phenomenon of rule breaking such as skipping class, dating, using make up, etc,  was found as a result of low ego identity in eleventh grade at SMAN 20 Surabaya,. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of implementing reality group counseling to increase students' ego identity. The formulation of the problem studied is whether reality group counseling is effective in increasing students' ego identity? This research type is a quantitative experimental with a pre-experimental one group pretest – posttest model. Data was collected by distributing an ego identity questionnaire based on Erikson's theory (1968) which had its validity tested using Pearson Product Moment with N = 33, significance level of 5% and r table of 0.344. The questionnaire also received a Cronbach's Alpha score of 0.891, which means it is very reliable. The research subjects who were given treatment were 8 students in classes XI - 1 and XI - 2 with low ego identity. Data analysis techniques used descriptive and inferential statistics. The research results showed an increase in pretest to posttest scores with an N-Gain percent of 109.18 > 76 so that reality group counseling was considered "effective" for increasing ego identity. Then Asymp.Sig (2 - tailed) in the Wilcoxon test, shows a score of 0.012 < 0.05 so that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So, it can be concluded that the ego identity of eleventh grade students at SMA Negeri 20 Surabaya can be improved effectively through reality group counseling. So, guidance and counseling teachers are expected to be able to consider the efficiency of using reality group counseling. Then, that future researchers with similar research will be able to pay more attention to the principles of counseling in the implementation.

Keywords  : Pretest, Posttest, Ego Identity, Reality Group Counseling.