PENGARUH KARBON AKTIF TERHADAP KADAR KROMIUM (Cr), TIMBAL (Pb) DAN TDS PADA LIMBAH INDUSTRI ELEKTROPLATING 

THE EFFECT OF ACTIVATED CARBON IN CHROMIUM (Cr), LEAD (Pb), AND TDS LEVELS IN ELECTROPLATING INDUSTRIAL WASTE

Industri elektroplating menghasilkan dampak negatif berupa limbah yang memiliki logam antara lain kromium (Cr), timbal (Pb) serta kandungan Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) yang berbahaya bagi manusia jika melebihi standar. Peneliti tertarik melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memahami tentang pengaruh karbon aktif terhadap kadar logam kromium (Cr), timbal (Pb) dan TDS.

Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitiannya adalah jenis metode penelitian eksperimen dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dimana akan dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh filtrasi karbon aktif komersil tempurung kelapa pada limbah elektroplating dengan variasi pada ukuran karbon aktif 60 mesh, 80 mesh, 100 mesh dan 200 mesh. Proses filtrasi akan menggunakan kolom kromatografi dengan kecepatan aliran nya dikontrol pada 3,6 L/jam. Hasil filtrasi akan dilakukan pengujian menggunakan uji Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) untuk mengetahui kadar kromium (Cr) dan timbal (Pb) serta pengujian menggunakan TDS.selanjutnya dilakukan uji anova Tunggal menggunakan program software IBM SPSS 22 untuk membuktikan hipotesis penelitian.

Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pengaruh filtrasi karbon aktif variasi ukuran pada limbah industri elektroplating menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda tetapi signifikan. Hasil penurunan terbaik didapatkan pada variasi ukuran karbon aktif 200 mesh dengan nilai dan persentase efisiensi filtrasi kadar kromium 25,25 mg/L 82,1%, timbal 0,43 mg/L 72,86%, dan TDS 960 mg/L 46,57%. Semakin kecil karbon aktif yang digunakan maka semakin baik pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan kadar kromium, timbal dan TDS.

Kata Kunci : Limbah industri elektroplating, karbon aktif, kromium, timbal, TDS, filtrasi, SSA.

The elektroplating industry produces negative impacts in the form of waste containing metals including chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and other substances Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) which is dangerous for humans if it exceeds the standard. Researchers are interested in conducting research aimed at understanding the effect of activated carbon on chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and TDS metal levels.

In this research, the research method is an experimental research method and the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative, where research will be carried out on the effect of commercial coconut shell activated carbon filtration on elektroplating waste with variations in active carbon sizes of 60 mesh, 80 mesh, 100 mesh and 200 mesh. The filtration process will use a chromatography column with the flow speed controlled at 3.6 L/hour. The filtration results will be tested using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA) test to determine the levels of chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) as well as testing using TDS. Next, a single anova test will be carried out using the program software IBM SPSS 22 to prove the research hypothesis.

From the research results, it was found that the effect of size variation in active carbon filtration on elektroplating industrial waste showed different but significant results. The best reduction results were obtained in variations in the size of 200 mesh activated carbon with a value and percentage of filtration efficiency of chromium content of 25.25 mg/L 82.1%, lead 0.43 mg/L 72.86%, and TDS 960 mg/L 46. 57%. The smaller the activated carbon used, the better the effect on reducing chromium, lead and TDS levels.

Keywords : Industrial waste elektroplating, activated carbon, chromium, lead, TDS, filtration, SSA.