Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang harus dikuasai oleh peserta didik di abad ke21 yang juga dimuat di kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dan mendeskripsikan validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan lembar kegiatan peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis guided discovery pada materi ekosistem untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate) tanpa tahap Disseminate. Paramater yang diukur meliputi validitas LKPD, keterlaksanaan LKPD, respon peserta didik, dan hasil belajar peserta didik. LKPD divalidasi kemudian diujicobakan secara terbatas pada 20 peserta didik kelas X IPA 3 SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Surabaya pada bulan April 2019. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode validasi, metode observasi, metode angket, dan metode tes. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi LKPD, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan LKPD, lembar angket respons peserta didik, dan lembar tes keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid ditinjau dari komponen isi, penyajian, dan kebahasaan dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 3,47 dengan kategori sangat valid. LKPD yang dikembangkan dinyatakan praktis ditinjau dari persentase keterlaksanaan LKPD sebesar 97,86% dengan kategori sangat praktis. LKPD yang dikembangkan dinyatakan efektif ditinjau dari respons peserta didik dengan persentase mencapai 98,33% dan ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan persentase sebesar 100%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi aspek validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan sehingga layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam proses pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: LKPD, guided discovery, berpikir kritis, ekosistem
Critical thinking skills are one of the skills that must be mastered by learners in the 21st century which are also published in the curriculum of 2013. This research aims to produce and describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the student worksheet based guided discovery on ecosystem material to train the critical thinking skills for students of tenth grade senior high school. This research is a development research with 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) without Disseminate stage. The measured parameter are the student worksheet validity, the student worksheet implementation, the student responses, and the student learning completeness achievement. The student worksheet was tested to 20 students of tenth grade at SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Surabaya in April 2019. The method of data collection uses validity method, observation method, questionnaire method, and test method. Instruments used in this research are validation of the student worksheet sheet, observation of the student worksheet instructional sheet, student response questionnaire, and student critical thinking test. Data were analyzed descriptive quantitatively. The result showed that the student worksheet concluded very valid based on the student worksheet validation with reached average score 3,47. The student worksheet concluded very practical based on the student worksheet instructional sheet with reached average percentage 97,86%. The student worksheet conclude very effective based on the student response with reached average percentage 98,33% and completeness learning outcomes with reached percentage 100%. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the student worksheet based guided discovery on ecosystem material has been developed fulfills the aspects of validity, practicallity, and effectiveness that it can be used in the learning process.
Keywords: Student worksheet, guided discovery, critical thinking skills, ecosystem