Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas mukolitik ekstrak tumbuhan paku perak (P. calomelanos). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut diklorometana, aseton dan metanol. Uji kualitatif dilakukan dengan pereaksi ferri klorida, Liebermann Burchard, Culvoner dan Fitzgerald dan Shinoda test. Uji aktivitas mukolitik dilakukan secara in vitro berdasarkan penurunan viskositas mukus usus sapi dan larutan dapar fosfat pH 7 yang dibandingkan dengan asetilsistein sebagai obat mukolitik sintetik. Viskositas larutan uji ditentukan dengan viskometer Ostwald. Nilai viskositas yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA satu arah, dilanjutkan uji LSD untuk mengetahui signifikansi perbedaan antar kelompok perlakuan. Hasil uji kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak diklorometana terdapat senyawa flavonoid, fenolik, steroid, dan alkaloid. Ekstrak aseton mengandung senyawa flavonoid, fenolik, saponin dan alkaloid. Sementara itu ekstrak metanol mengandung flavonoid, fenolik, steroid, saponin dan alkaloid. Hasil uji aktivitas mukolitik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak diklorometana,aseton dan metanol memiliki aktivitas mukolitik. Ekstrak diklorometana dengan konsentrasi 0,8%; ekstrak aseton dengan konsentrasi 0,6 % dan ekstrak metanol dengan konsentrasi 0,4% dan 0,6% memiliki aktivitas mukolitik yang setara dengan asetilsistein 0,1%.
Kata-kata kunci: Pityrogramma calomelanos, ekstrak metanol,ekstrak aseton, ekstrak diklorometana, aktivitas mukolitik
This research was conducted with the aim to determine the mucolytic activity of silver fern extracts (P. calomelanos). Extraction was done by maceration method using dichloromethane, acetone and methanol as solvents. Qualitative tests were carried out by ferric chloride reagents, Liebermann Burchard, Culvoner and Fitzgerald and Shinoda tests. The mucolytic activity test was carried out in vitro based on a decrease in the viscosity of the cow's intestinal mucus and phosphate buffer pH 7 compared to acetylcysteine as a synthetic mucolytic drug. The viscosity of the test solution was determined by the Ostwald viscometer. Viscosity values obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way ANAVA, followed by LSD test to determine the significance of differences between treatment groups. Qualitative test results showed that dichloromethane extracts contained flavonoids, phenolic, steroid, and alkaloid compounds. While the acetone extract contained flavonoids, phenolic, saponin and alkaloid compounds. methanol extracts contain flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, saponins and alkaloids. Mucolytic activity test results showed that the extract of dichloromethane, acetone and methanol had mucolytic activity. Dichloromethane extract with a concentration of 0.8%; acetone extract with a concentration of 0.6% and methanol extract with a concentration of 0.4% and 0.6% had mucolytic activity which were equivalent to acetylsysteine 0.1% as positive control
Key words: Pityrogramma calomelanos, methanol extract, acetone extract, diclormethane extract, mucolytic activity