Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” Berbasis Aplikasi di Kelas X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan dengan Model Pengembangan ADDIE

The Development of Application-Based "Belajar KANA" Learning Media in Class X Pharmacy of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan Using the ADDIE Development Model 

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengembangan media pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi di kelas X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara guru bahasa Jepang SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan dan analisis kebutuhan murid kelas X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan ternyata murid mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran huruf hiragana dan katakana dikarenakan adanya keterbatasan waktu dan media pembelajaran bahasa Jepang yang sesuai kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di sekolah.

Berdasarkan masalah tersebut dikembangkanlah madia pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi yang dikemas dengan mudah dan praktis untuk menunjang pembelajaran huruf kana, serta menyesuaikan capaian pembelajaran bahasa Jepang kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. rumusan masalah penilitian ini ialah bagaimana proses pengembangan media pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi, bagaimana kelayakan media “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi dari segi media dan materi, serta bagaimana respon guru dan murid terhadap media “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini mendiskripsikan proses pengembangan media “Belajar KANA”, mendeskripsikan kelayakan dari segi media dan materi, serta mendeskripsikan respon guru dan murid terhadap media “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi untuk pembelajaran huruf kana.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang memiliki lima tahapan yakni  analisis (Analyze), desain (Design), pengembangan (Develop), implementasi (Implement), dan evaluasi (Evaluate). Sumber datanya ialah murid kelas X Farmasi dan guru bahasa Jepang SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan. Data yang digunakan adalah hasil validasi media, validasi materi, serta respon guru dan murid.

Proses pengembangan model ADDIE di tahapan analisis dilakukan wawancara dan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan murid. Kemudian hasil tersebut digunakan untuk menyusun desain media pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi. Setelah tahap desain selesai, selanjutnya dikembangkan melalui proses validasi media, validasi materi. Kemudian mengevaluasi atau merevisi media sesuai masukan validator ahli, dan melanjutkan ke tahap implementasi/ujicoba skala kecil  dengan jumlah 35 murid dan skala besar berjumlah 65 murid kelas X Farmasi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan.

Validasi media pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi dilakukan oleh empat ahli. Dua validator ahli media, dua validator ahli materi. Untuk hasil validasi media mendapatkan 90,4% dengan kesimpulan kriteria penilaian sangat baik. Kemudian, hasil validasi materi mendapatkan 91,6%  dengan kriteria penilaian sangat baik. Selanjutnya hasil respon guru memperoleh 95,8% dengan kiteria sangat baik, dan hasil respon murid kelas X Farmasi 2 memperoleh 94,5 % dengan kiteria sangat baik, serta hasil respon murid kelas X farmasi 3 memperoleh 93,7% dengan kiteria sangat baik. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran “Belajar KANA” berbasis aplikasi layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran huruf hiragana dan katakana.

Kata kunci: media pembelajaran, huruf kana, kurikulum merdeka belajar, literasi numerasi.

This research discusses the development of application-based learning media "Belajar KANA" in class X Pharmacy of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan with the ADDIE development model. Based on the results of interviews with Japanese language teachers at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan and an analysis of the needs of students in class X Pharmacy at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan it turns out that students experience difficulties in learning hiragana and katakana letters due to limited time and Japanese language learning media according to the Merdeka Belajar curriculum at school.

Based on this problem, an application-based learning media "Belajar KANA" was developed which was packaged in an easy and practical way to support learning kana, as well as adjusting the learning outcomes of Japanese language in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. The formulation of the research problem is how is the process of developing application-based learning media "Belajar KANA", how is the feasibility of application-based "Belajar KANA" media in terms of media and material, and how are the responses of teachers and students to application-based "Belajar KANA" media. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of developing the "Belajar KANA" media, describe the feasibility in terms of media and material, and describe the response of teachers and students to the application-based "Belajar KANA" media for learning kana letters.

This research is a development research with the ADDIE development model which has five stages namely Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The data sources are students of class X Pharmacy and Japanese teachers at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan. The data used are the results of media validation, material validation, and teacher and student responses.

The process of developing the ADDIE model in the analysis stage conducted interviews and identified student needs. Then these results are used to design application-based "Belajar KANA" learning media. After the design stage is complete, then it is developed through the media validation process, material validation. Then evaluate or revise the media according to the expert validator's input, and proceed to the small-scale implementation/testing stage with a total of 35 students and a large scale of 65 students of class X Pharmacy at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pandaan.

The validation of the application-based "Belajar KANA" learning media was carried out by four experts. Two media expert validators, two material expert validators. For media validation results get 90.4% with the conclusion of very good assessment criteria. Then, the results of material validation get 91.6% with very good assessment criteria. Furthermore, the results of the teacher's response obtained 95.8% with very good criteria, and the response results of Class X Pharmacy 2 students obtained 94.5% with very good criteria, and the response results of students of Class X Pharmacy 3 obtained 93.7% with very good criteria. So it can be concluded that the development of application-based learning media "Belajar KANA" is appropriate for use in the process of learning hiragana and katakana letters.

Keywords: learning media, kana letters, Merdeka Belajar curriculum, numeracy literacy.