ANALISIS LAJU ALIRAN FLUIDA PADA KARBURATOR PE DENGAN VARIASI TIPE KARBURATOR MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ANSYS TERHADAP MIX PERFORMANCE

ANALYSIS OF FLUID FLOW RATE IN PE CARBURETOR WITH VARIATIONS OF CARBURETOR TYPES USING ANSYS SOFTWARE ON MIX PERFORMANCE

Pertumbuhan pesat kendaraan bermotor mendorong kebutuhan akan sistem pembakaran yang lebih efisien guna mengurangi konsumsi bahan bakar serta menekan emisi gas buang. Salah satu komponen penting yang berperan dalam proses ini adalah karburator, terutama pada tahap pencampuran udara dan bahan bakar. Efisiensi pencampuran sangat dipengaruhi oleh geometri venturi dan bukaan throttle, yang secara langsung memengaruhi kecepatan serta distribusi aliran udara di dalam karburator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pencampuran bahan bakar dan udara (mixing performance) berdasarkan karakteristik aliran fluida dalam karburator tipe PE dengan variasi dimensi venturi dan bukaan throttle yang merepresentasikan kondisi operasi nyata mesin.

Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) melalui perangkat lunak ANSYS Fluent dengan pendekatan dua dimensi dan asumsi aliran steady. Beberapa konfigurasi karburator diuji yakni karburator standar Kawasaki W175  dan karburator PE dengan diameter output sebesar 24 mm, 26 mm, dan 28 mm, yang masing-masing dikombinasikan dengan tiga posisi throttle: tertutup (0%), setengah terbuka (50%), dan terbuka penuh (100%). Kombinasi ini dipilih untuk mewakili rentang kondisi aliran dari idle hingga akselerasi maksimum pada mesin. Visualisasi aliran dilakukan melalui analisis pathline, kontur kecepatan, dan mass fraction, guna menilai seberapa homogen pencampuran udara dan bahan bakar yang terjadi dalam masing-masing skenario.

Hasil yang diperoleh diharapkan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai pengaruh variasi desain venturi dan bukaan throttle terhadap kualitas pencampuran di dalam karburator. Dengan temuan ini, pengembangan karburator yang lebih efisien dan ramah lingkungan dapat diwujudkan, khususnya dalam konteks pengurangan konsumsi bahan bakar serta emisi pada kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini juga memberikan landasan awal bagi studi lanjutan terkait optimasi desain komponen intake sistem mesin berbahan bakar bensin.

The rapid growth of motor vehicles has driven the need for a more efficient combustion system to reduce fuel consumption and reduce exhaust emissions. One of the important components that plays a role in this process is the carburetor, especially at the air and fuel mixing stage. Mixing efficiency is greatly influenced by the geometry of the venturi and throttle opening, which directly affect the speed and distribution of air flow in the carburetor. This study aims to evaluate the performance of fuel and air mixing (mixing performance) based on the characteristics of fluid flow in a PE type carburetor with variations in venturi dimensions and throttle openings that represent real engine operating conditions.

Simulations were carried out using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method through ANSYS Fluent software with a two-dimensional approach and steady flow assumptions. Several carburetor configurations were tested, namely the standard Kawasaki W175 carburetor and the PE carburetor with output diameters of 24 mm, 26 mm, and 28 mm, each of which was combined with three throttle positions: closed (0%), half open (50%), and fully open (100%). This combination was chosen to represent the range of flow conditions from idle to maximum acceleration on the engine. Flow visualization is performed through pathline analysis, velocity contour, and mass fraction, to assess how homogeneous the mixing of air and fuel occurs in each scenario.

The results obtained are expected to provide a deeper understanding of the effect of variations in venturi design and throttle opening on the quality of mixing in the carburetor. With these findings, the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly carburetors can be realized, especially in the context of reducing fuel consumption and emissions in motor vehicles. This study also provides an initial basis for further studies related to the optimization of the design of intake components of gasoline-fueled engine systems.