PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK MATERI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI BERORIENTASI CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

DEVELOPMENT OF E-BOOK BIODIVERSITY MATERIAL ORIENTED CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING TO TRAIN CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

Pembelajaran abad 21 menekankan bahwa pembelajaran harus mengajarkan empat keterampilan, salah satunya yaitu berpikir kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah. Hal itu dapat disebabkan oleh penggunaan model atau pendekatan pembelajaran yang kurang merangsang keaktifan belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam komponen CTL yaitu constructivisme, questioning, learning community, modelling, reflection, dan authentic assessment, tanpa komponen inquiry. Pendekatan CTL melalui komponen yang dimiliki dapat melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis, yang pada penelitian ini diaplikasikan dalam bentuk sumber belajar elektronik yaitu e-book. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-book materi keanekaragaman hayati berorientasi Contextual Teaching and Learning yang valid dan praktis untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Jenis penelitian yaitu pengembangan menggunakan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate). Validitas e-book diperoleh berdasarkan validasi pakar dan praktisi. Sementara kepraktisan e-book diperoleh berdasarkan observasi keterlaksanaan, uji keterbacaan menggunakan grafik fry, dan respon 20 peserta didik kelas X-9 SMAN 1 Gedangan. Data validitas dan kepraktisan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase validitas e-book sebesar 98,82% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Keterlaksanaan e-book memperoleh persentase sebesar 97,41% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil uji keterbacaan berada pada level 10 yang artinya e-book sesuai digunakan untuk peserta didik kelas X SMA. Respon peserta didik memperoleh persentase sebesar 98,09% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa e-book materi keanekaragaman hayati berorientasi Contextual Teaching and Learning dinyatakan valid dan praktis untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.

Kata Kunci: Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), e-book, keanekaragaman hayati, keterampilan berpikir kritis.

21st century learning emphasizes that learning must teach four skills, one of which is critical thinking. The critical thinking skills of students in Indonesia are still relatively low. This can be caused by the use of learning models or approaches that do not stimulate active learning. This research uses six CTL components, namely constructivism, questioning, learning community, modelling, reflection, and authentic assessment, without an inquiry component. The CTL approach through its components can train critical thinking skills, which in this research were applied in the form of electronic learning resources, namely e-book. This research aims to produce e-book biodiversity material oriented Contextual Teaching and Learning that are valid and practical to train critical thinking skills. The type of research is development using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The validity of the e-book is obtained based on the validation of experts and practitioner. While the practicality of the e-book was obtained based on implementation observations, readability test using fry charts, and the responses of 20 students in class X-9 at SMAN 1 Gedangan. The validity and practicality data were then analyzed by quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the percentage validity of the e-book was 98.82% with very valid criteria. The implementation of the e-book obtained a percentage of 97.41% with very practical criteria. The readability test results are at level 10, which means that the e-book is suitable for use by high school class X students. Student responses obtained a percentage of 98.09% with very practical criteria. Based on these results it was concluded that the e-book biodiversity material oriented Contextual Teaching and Learning was stated to be valid and practical to training critical thinking skills.

Keywords: Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), e-book, biodiversity, critical thinking skills.