PENGARUH SELF-EFFICACY, ADVERSITY QUOTIENT, CRITICAL THINKING, CREATIVE THINKING TERHADAP DECISION MAKING DAN ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE TARUNA POLITEKNIK PENERBANGAN DI INDONESIA

THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY, ADVERSITY QUOTIENT, CRITICAL THINKING, CREATIVE THINKING ON DECISION MAKING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF AVIATION POLYTECHNIC CADTS IN INDONESIA

Pendidikan merupakan proses pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan individu pada bidang ilmu tertentu. Untuk menghasilkan SDM yang mempunyai kemampuan teknis dapat diperoleh melalui pendidikan vokasi. Dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan SDM bidang Penerbangan dibutuhkan suatu proses pendidikan vokasi dengan bobot materi praktikum lebih besar dibandingkan bobot materi teori. Politeknik Penerbangan (Poltekbang) merupakan salah satu Pendidikan Vokasi bidang Penerbangan di Indonesia yang menerapkan pola Asrama untuk melakukan pembentukan karakter dan meningkatkan kemampuan teknis bidang penerbangan bagi para peserta didik. Salah satu alat ukur keberhasilan pendidikan bidang penerbangan adalah capaian kinerja akademik (Academic Performance). Beberapa faktor yang sangat menentukan Academic Performance peserta didik dapat berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal. Dalam penelitian ini hanya fokus membahas faktor internal yang dapat berpengaruh peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh Self-efficacy, Adversity Quotient, Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking Terhadap Decision Making dan Academic Performance Taruna Politeknik Penerbangan di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatori dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Taruna Poltekbang Makassar, Surabaya dan Medan pada jenjang D3 sebanyak 326 sampel. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Instrumen divalidasi isi oleh 5 Validator dan dilakukan uji Korelasi Item Total, Reliabilitas serta Analisis Fit Item. Dari beberapa rangkaian uji tersebut menunjukan bahwa secara umum keseluruhan instrumen dapat dipergunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan terhadap Decision Making Taruna Penerbangan yaitu Self-efficacy dan Adversity Quotient dengan nilai path coefficient berturut-turut sebesar 0,4262, 0,4757. Variabel yang berpengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan terhadap Academic Performance Taruna Penerbangan yaitu Creative Thinking dengan nilai 0.9236. Sedangkan hasil uji hipotesis hubungan tidak langsung menunjukan bahwa Self-efficacy dan Adversity Quotient berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Academic Performance melalui Decision Making Taruna Penerbangan dengan p-value berturut-turut sebesar -0.0047, -0.0052. Di sisi lain, Critical Thinking dan Creative Thinking berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap Academic Performance melalui Decision Making Taruna Penerbangan dengan nilai berturut-turut 0.0002, 0.0003. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat dijadikan rujukan dalam penyusunan kurikulum dan pembaharuan pedoman pola asuh taruna penerbangan khususnya untuk peningkatan daya kreativitas dan berpikir kritis taruna.

Kata Kunci : Academic Performance, Adversity Quotient, Creative Thinking, Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Self-efficacy

Education is a process of developing Human Resources (HR) to improve individual abilities in certain fields of science. To produce human resources who have technical abilities, they can be obtained through vocational education. In order to meet human resource needs in the Aviation sector, a vocational education process is needed with a greater weight of practical material than the weight of theoretical material. The Aviation Polytechnic (Poltekbang) is one of the Vocational Education courses in the field of Aviation in Indonesia which applies the Dormitory pattern to build character and improve technical skills in the field of aviation for students. One tool for measuring the success of aviation education is the achievement of Academic Performance. Several factors that really determine students' Academic Performance can come from internal and external factors. This research only focuses on discussing internal factors that can influence students. The aim of this research is to find and describe the influence of Self-efficacy, Adversity Quotient, Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking on Decision Making and Academic Performance of Aviation Polytechnic Cadets in Indonesia. This type of research is explanatory research using quantitative methods. The samples in this research were 326 cadets at Poltekbang Makassar, Surabaya and Medan at the D3 level. The analysis technique in this research uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The instrumen was content validated by 5 Validators and Total Item Correlation, Reliability and Item Fit Analysis tests were carried out. Several series of tests show that in general the entire instrumen can be used. The results of the research show that the variables that have a positive and significant influence on Aviation Cadets' Decision Making are Self-efficacy and Adversity Quotient with path coefficient values ​​of 0.4262, 0.4757 respectively. The variable that has a positive and significant effect on the Academic Performance of Aviation Cadets is Creative Thinking with a value of 0.9236. Meanwhile, the results of the indirect relationship hypothesis test show that Self-efficacy and Adversity Quotient have a significant negative effect on Academic Performance through Decision Making for Aviation Cadets with p-values ​​respectively -0.0047, -0.0052. On the other hand, Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking have a significant positive effect on Academic Performance through Decision Making for Aviation Cadets with p-values ​​of 0.0002, 0.0003 respectively. The results of this research can be used as a reference in preparing the curriculum and updating the parenting style guidelines for aviation cadets, especially to increase cadets' creative and Critical Thinking abilities.

Keywords: Academic Performance, Adversity Quotient, Creative Thinking, Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Self-efficacy