Tindak Tutur Direktif Guru di SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya (Kajian Pragmatik)

Directive Speech Acts Of Teacher At SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya (Pragmatic Studies)

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tindak tutur direktif guru dan strategi bertutur guru di SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya. Penelitian ini berpendekatan kualitatif dengan data berupa tuturan yang mengadung tindak tutur direktif dan strategi bertutur. Data bersumber pada tuturan guru di SLB Tunas Kasih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode STLC (Simak Tanpa Libat Cakap). Metode ini digunakan karena dalam proses pengambilan data dilakukan perekaman pada tuturan guru. Proses perekaman ini bersih tanpa campur tangan peneliti di dalam tuturan tersebut. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Miles & Huberman melalui tiga langkah, yaitu 1) reduksi data sebagai penyaring data yang dibutuhkan; 2) penyajian data dalam tiga bentuk berupa tabel, grafik serta deskripsi; dan 3) simpulan dan verifikasi. Data akan diberi pengodean agar mempermudah mengelompokkan. Data akan diuji ulang untuk mengetahui keabsahan dengan triangulasi sebanyak dua kali. Temuan penelitian berupa tindak tutur direktif guru di SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya yang berjumlah 209 data. Data terdiri atas lima bentuk tuturan yaitu tuturan memerintah (75), tuturan meminta (34), menasehati (43), menantang (31), dan merekomendasikan (24). Selain itu, ditemukan strategi bertutur guru yang berjumlah 157 data. Perincian bentuk strategi bertutur guru adalah strategi bertutur terus terang tanpa basa basi (99), bertutur dengan kesantunan positif (54), dan bertutur dengan kesopanan negatif (4) 

Kata Kunci: Tindak tutur direktif, Strategi bertutur, Pragmatik

This study aims to describe the directive speech acts of teachers and the teachers' speaking strategies at SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya. This study uses a qualitative approach with data in the form of speech containing directive speech acts and speaking strategies. The data comes from the teachers' speech at SLB Tunas Kasih. Data collection was carried out using the STLC (Simak Tanpa Libat Bicara) method. This method is used because in the data collection process, recordings were made on the teachers' speech. This recording process is clean without researcher intervention in the speech. Data analysis in this study uses the Miles & Huberman method through three steps, namely 1) data reduction as a filter for the data needed; 2) presentation is presented in two forms, namely tables and graphs and descriptions; and 3) conclusions and verification. The data will be retested to determine its validity with triangulation. The results of the study found that the directive speech acts of teachers at SLB Tunas Kasih Surabaya amounted to 209 data which were divided into five forms of speech, namely commanding speech (75), requesting speech (34), advising (43), challenging (31), and recommending (24). In addition, the teachers' speaking strategies amounted to 157 data. The details of the forms of teachers' speaking strategies are the strategy of speaking frankly without small talk (99), speaking with positive politeness (54), and speaking with negative politeness (4). 

Keywords: Directive Speech, Speech Strategies, Pragmatic