PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SMP HANG TUAH 1 SURABAYA
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING AT HANG TUAH 1 SMP SURABAYA
Kegiatan pembelajaran IPS di SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya peserta didik seringkali kurang aktif, sehingga menyebabkan hasil belajar mereka kurang optimal dalam pembelajaran IPS. Zaman sekarang pembelajaran harus disesuaikan dengan pembelajaran abad 21 yang mana di dalamnya mempunyai keterampilan inti yakni kreatif, inovatif, berpikir kritis dan menyelesaikan masalah. Maka model pembelajaran Problem Based (PBL) cocok digunkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yang mana salah satunya dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi dan pengaruh model Problem Based Learning terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis perserta didik dalam pembelajran IPS. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya pada tahun ajarn 2023/2024.
Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi ekperimen dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design karena dalam penelitian ini menggunkan 2 sampel yang berbeda Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunkan Non-Probability Sampling dengan jenis Purposive Sampling karena sampel dalam penelitian ini tidak dipilih secara acak melainkan dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni kelas VIII E dan VIII G, yang mana kelas VIII G sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII E sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa soal Pretest dan Posttest. Teknis yang digunakan dalam menganalisis penelitian ini yang adalah uji validalitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji N-Gain dan uji Hipotesis.
Penerapan model Problem Based Learning dinilai cukup efektif dalam peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya, hasil cukup efektif diambil dari hasil uji N-Gain yang mana menunjukkan persentase 57,2 %. Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Independent Sample T Test menunjukkan nilai Sig 0,000 yang mana lebih kecil dari 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yang artinya model Problem Based Learning memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir pesrta didik. Hasil dari pengelompokan kategori peserta didik berdasarkan nilainya, kelompok ekperimen setelah adanya perlakuan berupa implementasi model Problem Based Learning cenderung tinggi.
Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning, Berpikir Kritis, Pembelajaran IPS, Hasil Belajar.
In social studies learning activities at SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya, students are often less active, causing their learning outcomes to be less than optimal in social studies learning. Nowadays, learning must be adapted to 21st century learning which includes core skills, namely creativity, innovation, critical thinking and problem solving. So the Problem Based learning model (PBL) is suitable for use in learning activities, one of which can improve students' critical thinking abilities. This research aims to find out how the implementation and influence of the Problem Based Learning model has on improving students' critical thinking skills in social studies learning. This research was carried out at SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya in the 2023/2024 academic year.
This research uses a quasi-experiment with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design because this research uses 2 different samples. The sampling technique in this research uses Non-Probability Sampling with Purposive Sampling because the sample in this research was not chosen randomly but with certain considerations. The samples used in this research were classes VIII E and VIII G, where class VIII G was the experimental class and class VIII E was the control class. The instruments used in this research were Pretest and Posttest questions. The techniques used in analyzing this research are validity test, reliability test, normality test, homogeneity test, N-Gain test and Hypothesis test.
The application of the Problem Based Learning model is considered quite effective in improving the critical thinking skills of class VIII students at SMP Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya. The results are quite effective, taken from the results of the N-Gain test which shows a percentage of 57.2%. The results of hypothesis testing using the Independent Sample T Test show a Sig value of 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05. Based on these results, H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that the Problem Based Learning model has an influence on students' thinking abilities. The results of grouping student categories based on their grades, the experimental group after treatment in the form of implementing the Problem Based Learning model tended to be high.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Critical Thinking Ability, Social Studies Learning, Learning Outcomes