Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pola Makan Remaja di MAN 1 Jember 

Factors Correlated With Dietary Habits of Adolescents at MAN 1 Jember

Perubahan pola makan dan gaya hidup pada remaja disebabkan karena pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pola makan remaja di MAN 1 Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 273 sampel dari kelas X dan XI dipilih berdasarkan metode simple random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Screen Time Questionnare, kuesioner Despression on Anxiety Stres Scale (DASS), form food record, dan Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) yang telah valid dan reliabel. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji Spearman Rank, sedangkan analisis perbedaan proporsi menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas remaja memiliki durasi penggunaan gawai tidak normal (79,9%), tingkat stres normal (26,7%), asupan energi sangat kurang (48%), jenis keragaman makanan sedang (59%), dan frekuensi makan sedang (50,5%). Dari uji statistik didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gawai dengan asupan energi (p=0,002), jenis keragaman makanan (p=0,031), dan frekuensi makan (p=0,001). Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan asupan energi (p=0,048), jenis keragaman makanan (p=0,014), dan frekuensi makan (p=0,001). Terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan asupan energi (p=0,000), jenis keragaman makanan (p=0,001), dan frekuensi makan (p=0,007). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tempat tinggal dengan asupan energi (p=0,600), jenis keragaman makanan (p=0,853), dan frekuensi makan (p=0,808). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gawai, tingkat stress, dan jenis kelamin dengan asupan energi, jenis keragaman makanan, dan frekuensi makan remaja di MAN 1 Jember, sedangkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tempat tinggal dengan asupan energi, jenis keragaman makanan, dan frekuensi makan remaja di MAN 1 Jember.

Kata kunci: gawai, tingkat stres, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, pola makan

Changes in dietary habits and lifestyles in adolescents are due to rapid growth and development. This study aims to determine the factors correlated with dietary habits of adolescents at MAN 1 Jember. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. 273 samples from classes X and XI were obtained based on simple random sampling method. The instruments that were used were Screen Time Questionnare, Despression on Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire, food record and Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) which were valid and reliable. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman Rank test, while differences were analyzed using Chi Square test. Results showed that most adolescents had abnormal screen time (79.9%), normal stress levels (26.7%), very low energy intake (48%), moderate food diversity (59%), and moderate meal frequency (50.5%). The results showed that there was a correlation between duration of gadget use with energy intake (p=0,002), food diversity (p=0,031), and meal frequency (p=0,001). There was a correlation between stress level with energy intake (p=0,048), food diversity (p=0,014), and meal frequency (p=0,001). There was a correlation between gender with energy intake (p=0,000), food diversity (p=0,001), and meal frequency (p=0,007). There was no correlation between living place with energy intake (p=0,600), food diversity (p=0,853), and meal frequency (p=0,808). It can be concluded that there was a correlation between the duration of gadget use, stress level, and gender with energy intake, food diversity, and meal frequency of adolescents at MAN 1 Jember, while there was no correlation between the living place with energy intake, food diversity, and meal frequency of adolescents at MAN 1 Jember  

Keyword: gadget, stress level, gender, living place, dietary habit