Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) Terintegrasi STEAM Untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir kritis Peserta Didik SMK

Development of IPAS Learning Instrument based on the Integrated STEAM Project Based Learning (PjBL)   model   to   enhance critical thinking skills offVocational High School Students 

The aim of this research is to develop learning instrument that can improve students' critical thinking in the context of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning, especially on renewable energy material with a focus on simple solar panels for Class X Vocational High Schools. The educational instrument developed include learning modules, textbooks, Student Worksheets (LKPD) and test instrument that measure critical thinking, referring to the Four D (4D) model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The teaching method used is Project Based Learning (PjBL) which emphasizes solving everyday problems integrated with STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) to train students' skills through learning activities. This research is included in the development research category by testing learning activity devices in the classroom, data was collected through observation (practicality of learning devices which includes student activities observed by researchers and implementation of learning observed by 2 observers), test form (effectiveness of learning devices observed includes individual completeness analysis and N-Gain analysis) and questionnaires (student responses), which are then analyzed descriptively quantitatively and qualitatively. Before the experiment is carried out, the validity of the learning activity device is checked by an expert, and after the validity test and necessary revisions are carried out, an analysis of the validity of the learning device is carried out by averaging the scores of each component in accordance with the learning device validation instrument with the validity criteria of the adapted learning device. from Ratumanan & Laurens (2011). Next, calculate the reliability of the learning device validation instrument using the Cronbach Alpha reliability test using SPSS software. According to Wiratna Sujarweni (2014) a questionnaire is said to be reliable if the Cronbach Alpha value is > 0.6. Next, analyze the practicality of active student activity learning tools which is calculated by the percentage of active students who comply with the student activity criteria adapted from Sudjana's (1996) student activity criteria. Next, analyze the effectiveness of the teaching module's individual mastery learning tool which is calculated by averaging the scores of each component in accordance with the teaching module implementation instrument adapted from the scale criteria Likert Ratumanan & Laurens (2011). Then proceed with an analysis of the effectiveness of the learning tools through two calculations manually and statistically using the Cohen's d Effect Size T test. After limited trials, extensive trials were continued in four classes totaling 135 students. The results of the research for the five classes show that (1) the learning instrument developed can be applied well, the level of implementation at each learning stage is assessed as very good, (2) learning obstacles can be overcome so that learning objectives can be achieved (3) all students are assessed as very good in all learning. Apart from that, learning tools have proven to be effective in training critical thinking and have received very good responses from students. Thus, it can be concluded that the learning instrument developed are worthy of development.