ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X TATA BUSANA SMKN 1 SOOKO MOJOKERTO PADA MATA PELAJARAN DASAR DESAIN

ANALYSIS OF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES CLASS OF X FASHION DESIGN SMKN 1 SOOKO MOJOKERTO IN BASIC FASHION DESIGN SUBJECTS

    Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengetahui kesulitan belajar siswa kelas X Tata Busana SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto pada mata pelajaran dasar desain (2) mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar siswa kelas X Tata Busana SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto pada mata pelajaran dasar desain. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 6 orang siswa pada kelas X Tata Busana yang mengalami kesulitan belajar diantaranya (APA, DW, ITW, SAM, AT, dan IRP). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi teknik atau gabungan antara observasi, wawancara guru, wawancara siswa, serta dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara, alat tulis serta handphone untuk merekam dan mengambil gambar sebagai alat dokumentasi.

Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bagaimana kesulitan belajar siswa pada pembelajaran dasar desain dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar menunjukkan sikap yang kurang wajar (Social). Nilai akademik siswa dibawah rata-rata (Academic). Kesulitan membuat pemahaman baru (Metacognition). Siswa lamban dalam memproses sesuatu (Processing Speed). Siswa sulit menafsirkan apa yang dirasakan, didengar, dan dilihat (Perception). Siswa kurang perhatian dan kurang fokus dalam belajar (Attention). Banyak kegiatan yang kurang bermanfaat sehingga sulit untuk mengingat materi pelajaran (Memory). Faktor yang menyebabkan siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar ada 2 faktor yaitu faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang mempengaruhinya: (1) Kurangnya perhatian siswa terhadap materi pelajaran (konsentrasi). Konsentrasi dimaksudkan memusatkan segenap perhatian pada situasi belajar. Siswa kelas X-Tata Busana saat proses belajar masih sering mengobrol, bermain, melamun, dan mengganggu teman nya. (2) Kurangnya partisipasi dan respons siswa saat mengikuti kegiatan belajar mengajar (reaksi). Reaksi dalam kegiatan belajar diperlukan keterlibatan unsur fisik maupun mental, sebagai wujud reaksi, sehingga belajar harus aktif. (3) Lambatnya siswa dalam memahami materi (pemahaman). (4) Nilai ulangan yang tidak tuntas (ulangan). Sedangkan faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhinya yaitu: (1) Pengaruh teman di masyarakat yang selalu bermain (lingkungan sosial masyarakat). Pengaruh teman-teman yang berada di sekeliling tempat tinggalnya mempengaruhi siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar untuk bermain sehingga siswa enggan untuk belajar.

Kata Kunci: Kesulitan Belajar Siswa, Dasar Desain

This research aims to: (1) determine the learning difficulties of class X fashion students at SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto in basic fashion design subjects (2) determine the factors that affect the learning difficulties of class X fashion students at SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto in basic fashion design subjects. This research held in SMKN 1 Sooko Mojokerto using the descriptive qualitative methods. The subjects in this research were 6 students in class X of Fashion Design who having learning difficulties including (APA, DW, ITW, SAM, AT, and IRP). The data collection technique used is triangulation techniques or a combination of observation, teacher interviews, student interviews, and documentation. The instruments used were observation guides, interview guides, stationery and handphone for recording and taking pictures as documentation tools.

The results of this research reveal students' learning difficulties in basic fashion design learning and the factors that affects them. Students who experience learning difficulties show inappropriate attitude (Social). Student academic achievement is below average (Academic). Students having difficulty of making new understandings (Metacognition). Students are slow in processing something (Processing Speed). Students find it difficult to interpret what they feel, hear and see (Perception). Students are less attentive and less focused on learning (Attention). Many activities are less useful so it is difficult to remember the lesson material (Memory). There are 2 factors that cause students to experience learning difficulties, internal and external factors. Internal factors that affect it are: (1) Lack of student attention to the lesson material (Concentration). Concentration means focusing all attention on the learning situation. Class X of Fashion Design students often chat, play, daydream and disturb their friends during the learning process. (2) Lack of student participation and response when participating in teaching and learning activities (Reaction). Reactions in learning activities require the involvement of physical and mental elements, as a form of reaction, so learning must be active. (3) Students are slow in understanding the lesson (Comprehension). (4) Incomplete test scores (Retests). Meanwhile, external factors that affects it are: (1) The influence of friends in their environment who always play (Community Social Environment). The influence of friends around where they live influences students who have learning difficulties to play so that students rarely want to study.

Keywords: Student Learning Difficulties, Basic Fashion Design