PERKEMBANGAN PENGELOLAAN MANGROVE JENU TUBAN TAHUN 2005-2016

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANGROVE JENU TUBAN IN 2005-2016

        Pada tahun 2005 Yayasan Mangrove Center Tuban didirikan berdasarkan kekhawatiran warga pesisir pantai tuban terkait dengan kerusakan lingkungan akibat terjangan ombak yang dahsyat serta aktivitas warga. Mangrove memiliki fungsi fisik dalam menjaga garis pantai, mempercepat pembentukan lahan baru dan sebagai pelindung tepi sungai maupun pantai. Sedangkan fungsi mangrove secara biologis adalah sebagai tempat asuhan dan berkembang biak bagi berbagai jenis udang, ikan dan binatang lainnya, tempat berlindung bagi sejumlah besar jenis burung, dan habitat bagi berbagai kehidupan liar. Sedangkan fungsi komersial mangrove adalah aquaculture (seperti tambak wanamina), rekreasi (wisata), dan penghasil kayu dan kolam garam.

        Kabupaten Tuban sangat cocok sebagai habitat dari vegetasi hutan mangrove hal tersebut terutama di Kecamatan Jenu yang memiliki tanjung dan teluk menjadi daerah endapan lumpur. Mangrove Center Tuban terletak di Jalan Tuban- Semarang Km 9 Kecamatan jenu, Kecamatan Jenu, Kabupaten Tuban. Sebelumnya daerah pantai Jenu merupakan salah satu daerah yang terkena dampak limbasan ombak besar yang mengakibatkan kerusakan tanah sampai mencapai jalan raya Pantura (Pantai Utara). Seiring dengan berjalanan waktu kini Mangrove Center Tuban tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai pusat tanaman mangrove maupun tanaman pesisir pantai namun, hutan mangrove berubah menjadi sebuah laboratorium alam dari pantai utara dengan menyajikan suatu objek wisata yang mendidik, kawasan latihan kepemimpinan serta kawasan perkemahan nasional. Para aktifis pendidikan yang memanfaatkan kawasan ini banyak melakukan pembelajaran mengenai bagaimana proses pembibitan, penanaman serta konservasi lingkungan.

        Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian dan merumuskan masalah : pertama, Bagaimana perkembangan mangrove jenu tuban pada tahun 2005 hingga 2016?, kedua, Bagaimana peran mangrove jenu tuban sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata di kota Tuban?, dan ketiga, Bagaimana kontribusi masyarakat sekitar mangrove dalam pengelolahan mangrove?. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode penelusuran pustaka dan wawancara. Adapun tahapan yang dilaksanakan ketika penelitian sejarah yaitu: 1. Heuristik (mengumpulkan sumber) dengan sumber utama berupa wawancara, dokumen arsip Mangrove Center Tuban, 2. Kritik (menguji sumber), 3. Interpretasi (penafsiran fakta-fakta sejarah secara kronologi), 4. Historiografi (penulisan).

        Melalui penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa, Yayasan Mangrove Center Tuban berdiri pada tahun 2005 dan memiliki banyak prestasi seperti memperoleh penghargaan Kalpataru tahun 2012 dan Wanalestari tahun 2010 yang awalnya hanya sebagai gerakan pelestarian lingkungan kini menjadi tempat wisata serta penggerak ekonomi pesisir pantai kecamatan Jenu-Tuban. Sebagai salah satu destinasi tempat wisata di Tuban, Mangrove Center Tuban memberikan fasilitas yang memadai seperti area Outbond, Gazebo serta sebagi laboratorium alam. Selain itu juga Yayasan Mangrove Center Tuban memberikan edukasi seperti pelatihan kepada para petani tentang pembibitan, memberikan bibit tanaman kepada sekolah serta bekerja sama dengan perusahaan dalam menyalurkan CSRnya. Kegiatan itu terdiri dari Konservasi dan pembibitan, Perikanan, Peternakan, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Ecogreen, Sekolah Adiwiyata, dan Kelompok Usaha Bersama. Dalam berjalannya waktu, masyarakat jadi lebih memperhatian lingkungannya. Masyarakat ikut andil dalam pelestarian lingkungan serta ikut dalam kegiatan Yayasan Mangrove Center tuban dengan menanam mangrove. Mengadakan kegiatan di Mangrove Center Tuban seperti Outbond, Pramuka dan kegiatan menanam bibit. Timbal balik antara masyarakat sekitar dengan yayasan mangrove center tuban dapat meningkatkan perekonomian Tuban khususnya Kecamatan Jenu.

Kata kunci: Hutan Mangrove, Mangrove Center Tuban, Lingkungan Hidup

        In 2005 the Tuban Mangrove Center was established based on the concern of the residents of the Tuban coastline related to environmental damage due to the violent waves and residents' activities. Mangroves have a physical function in maintaining coastlines, accelerating the formation of new land and protecting the banks of rivers and beaches. While the biological function of mangroves is as a nurture and breed for various types of shrimp, fish and other animals, a shelter for a large number of species of birds, and habitat for a variety of wildlife. While the commercial functions of mangroves are aquaculture (such as wanamina ponds), recreation (tourism), and producing wood and salt ponds.

        Tuban Regency is very suitable as a habitat for mangrove forest vegetation, especially in Jenu District, which has a cape and bay as a mud deposit area. The Tuban Mangrove Center is located on Jalan Tuban-Semarang Km 9, Jenu Village, Jenu District, Tuban Regency. Previously, the Jenu beach area was one of the areas affected by large waves which caused damage to the land until it reached the Pantura highway (North Coast). Along with the time now, the Tuban Mangrove Center not only functions as a center for mangrove and coastal plants, but, the mangrove forest has turned into a natural laboratory from the north coast by presenting an educational tourist attraction, a leadership training area and a national campsite. Educational activists who make use of this area learn a lot about the process of nursery, planting and environmental conservation.

        Therefore, researchers want to conduct research on: first, how is the development of mangrove jenu tuban in 2005 to 2016? Second, what is the role of mangrove jenu tuban as one of the tourist destinations in the city of Tuban ?, and third, what is the contribution of the community around mangroves in mangrove management ?. The method used in this research is to use library research and interview methods. The stages carried out when historical research are: 1. Heuristics (collecting sources) with the main sources in the form of interviews, archival documents in the Mangrove Center Tuban, 2. Criticism (testing the source), 3. Interpretation (interpretation of historical facts chronologically), 4 Historiography (writing).

        Through this research it can be seen, the Tuban Mangrove Center Foundation was established in 2005 and received awards such as receiving the Kalpataru award in 2012 and the 2010 analysis year which was intended only as a preservation movement that was developed as a tourist attraction and driving force of the Jenu-Tuban coast. As one of the tourist destinations in Tuban, the Mangrove Center in Tuban provides adequate facilities such as the Outbound Area, Gazebo, and as a natural laboratory. In addition, the Tuban Mangrove Center Foundation provides education about training to farmers on nurseries, provides seedlings to schools and works closely with companies in channeling CSR. The activity consisted of conservation and breeding, Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, Community Empowerment, Ecogreen, Adiwiyata School, and Joint Business Groups. In the course of time, the community is increasingly concerned about the environment. The community participates in environmental preservation and participates in the activities of the Tuban Mangrove Center Foundation by planting mangroves. Conducting activities at the Mangrove Center in Tuban such as Outbound, Scouts and seed planting activities. Reciprocity of the surrounding community with the central Tuban mangrove foundation can increase Tuban investment specifically in Jenu District.

Keywords: Mangrove Forest, Mangrove Center Tuban, Environme