PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK BERBASIS SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) MATERI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN TUMBUHAN UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN LITERASI SAINS

Development E-book Based on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Materials of Plant Growth and Development to Train Science Literacy Skills

Abstrak

Salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan untuk bertahan di abad 21 yaitu literasi sains. Literasi sains di Indonesia termasuk kategori sangat rendah. Pembelajaran dengan konteks teknologi rancang bangun seperti Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) berpotensi untuk melatihkan literasi sains karena langkah-langkah berkaitan dengan kompetensi literasi sains. Pandemi COVID-19 membuat pembelajaran dilakukan menggunakan sistem daring sehingga perlu alternatif bahan ajar seperti e-book. E-book adalah buku bentuk elektronik yang disajikan secara digital. E-book berisi berbagai fitur untuk meningkatkan minat dan motivasi belajar. Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian untuk menghasilkan e-book berbasis STEM pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan untuk melatihkan keterampilan literasi sains yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian memakai model 4-D (Define, Design, Develope, dan Disseminate), tetapi Disseminate tidak dilakukan. Kelayakan teoritis e-book didapatkan dari hasil validasi dosen ahli yaitu ahli materi dan pendidikan serta guru biologi yang ditinjau dari aspek penyajian, isi, dan kebahasaan. Hasil uji keterbacaan digunakan untuk mendapatkan kelayakan empiris dilakukan menggunakan formulasi Fry dan angket respon dari 20 orang kelas XII MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Gresik. Teknik analisis data yang telah diperoleh menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan e-book dinyatakan sangat layak dengan hasil validitas 92,50% dengan kriteria sangat valid. E-book juga dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan hasil angket respon 97,31% dengan kriteria sangat praktis dan hasil uji keterbacaan rata-rata pada level 12 yang sesuai untuk kelas XII. Simpulan yang diperoleh yaitu e-book berbasis STEM pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan untuk melatihkan keterampilan literasi sains yang telah dikembangkan dapat dinyatakan valid dan praktis secara teoritis dan empiris.

Kata Kunci: E-book, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan, Literasi Sains, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics).

Abstract

One of the skills needed to survive in the 21^st century is science literacy. Science literacy in Indonesia are categorized as very low. Learning in the context of design technology such as Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) has the potential to train science literacy because the steps are related to science literacy competencies. The COVID-19 pandemic has made learning done using an online system, so alternative teaching materials such as e-books are needed. E-books is an electronic book that is presented digitally. The e-book contains various features to increase interest and motivation in learning. This purpose of the research is to produce a STEM based e-book on plant growth and development material to practice valid and practical science literacy skills. This study uses a 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate), but Disseminate is not implemented. Theoritical feasibility of e-book is obtained from the results of expert validation, namely material and education experts and biology teachers in terms of presentation, content, and language aspects. The results of the readability test using the Fry formulation and response questionnaires from 20 students of class XII MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Gresik. The data analysis technique that has been obtained is using quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the e-book was declared very feasible with  92,50% validity results with very valid criteria. The e-book is also stated to be very practical with 97,31% response questionnaire results with very practical criteria and average readability test result at level 12 which are suitable for class XII. The conclusion of this study is a STEM based e-book on growth and development material plants to practice science literacy skills that have been developed can be declared valid and practical theorytically and empirically.

Keywords : e-book, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), Plant Growth and Development, Science Literacy.