Motivasi Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Kebugaran Siswa di Sekolah

The Effect of Physical Activity Motivation on Body Mass Index and Student Fitness in Schools

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh motivasi aktivitas fisik terhadap IMT dan kebugaran jasmani siswa SMA. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif cross-sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 66 siswa kelas X di Surabaya yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian meliputi kuesioner motivasi aktivitas fisik (RM4-FM), pengukuran IMT berdasarkan standar WHO, dan Tes Kebugaran Pelajar Nasional (TKPN). Analisis data dilakukan melalui statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, dan regresi multivariat (GLM Multivariate) yang mencakup uji multivariat dan univariat menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IMT (F = 9,681; p = 0,003; R² = 0,131) dan kebugaran jasmani (F = 6,089; p = 0,016; R² = 0,087). Uji multivariat (Pillai’s Trace = 0,131; F = 4,765; p = 0,012) juga mengonfirmasi bahwa motivasi secara simultan memengaruhi kedua variabel dependen. Dengan demikian, motivasi terbukti berperan penting dalam menjaga IMT yang seimbang serta meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani siswa melalui aktivitas fisik yang teratur. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi bahwa peningkatan motivasi dapat dijadikan strategi penting dalam program pendidikan jasmani dan intervensi kesehatan sekolah untuk mendukung gaya hidup aktif pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Motivasi Aktivitas Fisik, Index Massa Tubuh (IMT), Kebugaran

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of physical activity motivation on BMI and physical fitness of high school students. The study design used a quantitative cross-sectional approach with a sample of 66 grade 10 students in Surabaya selected through a purposive sampling technique. The research instruments included a physical activity motivation questionnaire (RM4-FM), BMI measurements based on WHO standards, and the National Student Fitness Test (TKPN). Data analysis was carried out through classical assumption tests, General Linear Model (GLM), ANOVA, and MANOVA using SPSS. The results showed that motivation had a significant effect on BMI (F = 9.681; p = 0.003; R² = 0.131) and physical fitness (F = 6.089; p = 0.016; R² = 0.087). Multivariate tests (Pillai's Trace = 0.131; F = 4.765; p = 0.012) also confirmed that motivation simultaneously influenced both dependent variables. Thus, motivation has been shown to play a significant role in maintaining a balanced BMI and improving students' physical fitness through regular physical activity. These findings imply that enhancing motivation can be an important strategy in physical education programs and school health interventions to support active lifestyles in adolescents. Keywords: Physical Activity Motivation, Body Mass Index (BMI), Fitness