PERILAKU PEMILIH PEMULA DALAM MERESPON WACANA RISMA EFFECT PADA PILKADA SURABAYA 2020

THE BEHAVIOR OF BEGINNER VOTERS IN RESPONDING TO THE RISMA EFFECT DISCOURSE IN THE 2020 SURABAYA REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya wacana Risma effect yang merupakan perpaduan antara prestasi pembangunan dan citra Tri Rismaharini pada kontestasi politik  pemilihan walikota Surabaya tahun 2020. Maraknya informasi tersebut disumbang pula oleh  pemberitaan media massa terutama sosial media yang menjadi akses mayoritas pemilih  pemula. Dalam penelitian ini mengambil fokus penelitian pada perilaku pemilih pemula dalam  merespon wacana Risma effect yakni sikap dalam menjatuhkan pilihan politik berorientasi  meneruskan kinerja Risma atau tidak. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis teori pilihan  rasional James S. Coleman mengenai aktor dan sumber daya. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode penelitian kuantitatif statistik deskriptif. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah  pemilih remaja berumur 17-21 tahun, dan memiliki status kependudukan kota Surabaya dengan  jenis sampling probability sampling, teknik pengambilan sampel berupa sampling area dan  simple random sampling. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data  berupa angket dan dokumentasi. Serta analisa menggunakan software SPSS menggunakan  prosentase dan tabulasi silang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku pemilih pemula dalam  memilih paslon didominasi dengan faktor Visi misi & program, Kinerja & pengalaman calon  yang tergolong sebagai pemilih rasional sebanyak 53% responden. Adapun golongan perilaku  pemilih kritis sebanyak 23% responden, perilaku pemilih tradisional sebanyak 3% responden,  dan pemilih skeptis sebanyak 8% responden. Dari hasil proses penelitian menghasilkan suatu  kesimpulan bahwa wacana citra dan pembangunan Risma tersebar pada berbagai sikap dan  pilihan politik pemilih pemula. Adapun faktor memilih disebabkan oleh sumber daya yang  menjadi pengaruh kuat didasarkan pada sumber daya material (Pembangunan), dan sumber  daya non material (nilai, ideologi, afeksi, relasi). 

Kata kunci : Tri Rismaharini, perilaku, rasional, citra politik, pemilu.

This research is motivated by the rampant discourse of the Risma effect which is a  combination of development achievements and Tri Rismaharini's image in the political  contestation of the 2020 Surabaya mayor election. The rise of this information is also  contributed by mass media coverage, especially social media, which becomes the access of the  majority of beginner voters. In this study, the focus of research is on the behavior of beginner voters in responding to the discourse of the Risma effect, that is the attitude in making political  choices oriented to continue Risma's performance or not. In this study, uses the rational choice  theory from James S. Coleman's, the analysis of actors and resources. This research uses  descriptive quantitative statistical research methods. Respondents in this study were  adolescent voters aged 17-21 years, and have a population status in the city of Surabaya with  the type of sampling probability sampling, sampling techniques in the form of area sampling  and simple random sampling. In this study, researchers used data collection methods in the  form of questionnaires and documentation. And analysis using SPSS software using percentage  and cross tabulation. The results showed that the behavior of beginners voters in choosing  candidate was dominated by the factors of vision, mission & program, performance &  experience of candidates who were classified as rational voters, as many as 53% of  respondents. The critical voter behavior group was 23% of respondents, traditional voter  behavior was 3% of respondents, and skeptical voters were 8% of respondents. From the  results of the research process, it can be concluded that the discourse on the image and  development of Risma is spread across various political attitudes and choices of beginner voters. The factor of choice is caused by resources that are a strong influence based on material  resources (development) and non-material resources (values, ideology, affections, relationships). 

Keywords : Tri Rismaharini, behavior, rational, political image, election.