Potensi Tanaman Jatropha  integerrima  Jacq., Duranta erecta L., dan Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Sebagai Absorben Timbal (Pb) di Udara Pada Area Padat Lalu Lintas

Potency of Jatropha integerrima Jacq., Duranta erecta L., and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. as Lead (Pb) Absorbent in The Air at Dense Area of Traffic 

Salah satu kota besar yang memiliki tingkat kepadatan lalu lintas tinggi adalah Kota Surabaya, berdasarkan data Dishub Surabaya tahun 2018 jumlah volume kendaraan di jalan Diponegoro 229.196 unit/hari, jalan Darmo 199.888 unit/hari, dan jalan Dr.Ir.H.Soekarno sebanyak 148.820 unit/hari. Hal tersebut menyebabkan tingginya pencemaran. Salah satu bahan pencemar yang dihasilkan yaitu timbal (Pb). Untuk mengurangi timbal di udara dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan potensi tanaman berhabitus perdu sebagai absorben diantaranya, Jatropha integerrima Jacq., Duranta erecta L., dan Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi potensi  ketiga tanaman sebagai absorben timbal di udara, mengetahui kadar klorofil dan mengetahui pengaruh kadar timbal terhadap kadar klorofil. Pengukuran kadar timbal dipreparasi dengan metode destruksi kering, diuji dengan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), pengukuran kadar klorofil diuji menggunakan Spektrofotometer dengan panjang gelombang 649 nm dan 665 nm. Data pengaruh hubungan kadar timbal terhadap kadar klorofil dianalisis dengan uji statistik korelasi spearman sedangkan data kadar timbal dan kadar klorofil dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketiga tanaman berpotensi sebagai absorben timbal (Pb) di udara. Kadar timbal (Pb) daun tertinggi yaitu Jatropha integerrima Jacq. pada stasiun 3 sebesar 1,516 ppm, dan kadar terendah yaitu Duranta erecta L. pada stasiun 1 sebesar 0,731 ppm. Kadar klorofil daun tertinggi yaitu Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. pada stasiun 3 sebesar 25,339 mg/l, dan kadar terendah yaitu Jatropha integerrima Jacq. pada stasiun 1 sebesar 9,245 mg/l. Tidak terdapat pengaruh kadar timbal (Pb) dalam daun terhadap kadar klorofil ketiga tanaman.

One of the most congested city in Indonesia is Surabaya. Based on Surabaya Transportation Department data in 2018, the number of vehicles at Diponegoro street: 229,196 units per day; Darmo street: 199,888 units per day; and Dr.Ir.H.Soekarno street: 148,820 units per day. This causes air pollution. One of the pollutants produced is lead (Pb). To reduce lead in the air can be done by utilizing the potential of herbaceous plants as absorbent herbs include Jatropha integerrima Jacq., Duranta erecta L., and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of he three plants as lead absorbent in the air, determine the chlorophyll content and determine the effect of the lead content on chlorophyll content. Measurement of lead content (Pb) was prepared by dry destruction method, tested with AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), chlorophyll content was tested using Spectrophotometer with wave lengths of 649 nm and 665 nm. Data of influence of lead content on chlorophyll content were analyzed by spearman correlation statistical test, while the data on ead content and chlorophyll content were analyzed descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the three plants have the potential as lead absorbent (Pb) in the air. The highest lead content (Pb) of leaves is Jatropha integerrima Jacq. at station 3 at 1.516 ppm, and the lowest level is Duranta erecta L. at station 1 at 0.731 ppm. The highest leaf chlorophyll content was Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. at station 3 at 25.333 mg / l, and the lowest content was Jatropha integerrima Jacq. at station 1 amounting to 9.245 mg / l. There is no correlation between the effect of the relationship between lead (Pb) levels absorbed in the leaves and the chlorophyll content of the three plants.