KEANEKARAGAMAN UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas L.) SEBAGAI DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN DI DESA WARUGUNUNG, KECAMATAN PACET, KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO

DIVERSITY OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) AS FOOD DIVERSIFICATION IN WARUGUNUNG VILLAGE, PACET SUBDISTRICT, MOJOKERTO REGENCY

Ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan lokal yang kaya kandungan gizi dan dapat diolah menjadi berbagai produk dalam mendukung diversifikasi pangan di Indonesia. Ubi jalar dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan sekaligus pendapatan ekonomi keluarga di Desa Warugunung. Masyarakat telah membudidayakan berbagai varietas ubi jalar melalui sistem pertanian yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman varietas, menganalisis nilai gizi (karbohidrat total), serta menganalisis persepsi dan apersepsi masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman ubi jalar sebagai diversifikasi pangan. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskripstif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, serta wawancara semi-terstruktur. Karbohidrat total diuji menggunakan metode by-difference. Wawancara dilakukan kepada 40 orang responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa panduan wawancara dan kuesioner. Keanekaragaman varietas dan perbandingan karbohidrat total dianalisis secara deskriptif. Persepsi dan apersepsi dianalisis menggunakan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman ubi jalar terdapat lima varietas antara lain ubi sewu, jago, sawentar, sari, dan cangkuang yang dapat dibedakan berdasarkan karakter morfologi daun dan umbi. Karbohidrat total tertinggi pada varietas Cangkuang sebesar 33,23%/100g. Persepsi terbaik terhadap pengolahan ubi jalar menjadi berbagai produk makanan (96%). Apersepsi terbaik terhadap usaha tani dalam peningkatan perekonomian dan peningkatan pengetahuan dalam kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan produk olahan ubi jalar (94%). Berdasarkan kategori usia, masyarakat berusia paruh baya memiliki persepsi terbaik dalam pengolahan ubi jalar. Penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada strategi diversifikasi pangan lokal dan pelestarian varietas ubi jalar guna mendukung ketahanan pangan dan ekonomi keluarga.

Kata kunci: apersepsi; ketahanan pangan; pengelolaan tanaman; persepsi; praktik pertanian

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the local food commodities rich in nutritional content and can be processed into various products to support food diversification in Indonesia. Sweet potato is a source of food and income for families in Warugunung Village. The community has cultivated various sweet potato varieties through a farming system passed down from generation to generation. This study aims to identify the diversity of varieties, analyze nutritional value (total carbohydrates), and analyze the community's perceptions and apperceptions of sweet potato diversity as food diversification. This descriptive study uses a qualitative and quantitative approach and semi-structured interviews. Total carbohydrates were tested using the by-difference method. Interviews were conducted with 40 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments consisted of interview guides and questionnaires. Variety diversity and total carbohydrate comparisons were analyzed descriptively. Perceptions and apperceptions were analyzed using a Likert scale. The study results indicate five varieties of sweet potatoes, namely sewu, jago, sawentar, sari, and cangkuang, which can be distinguished based on the morphological characteristics of their leaves and tubers. The highest total carbohydrate was found in the cangkuang variety at 33.23%/100g. The best perception of sweet potato processing into various food products was 96%. The best apperception toward farming efforts in improving the economy and increasing knowledge in sweet potato processing product training activities were 94%. Based on age categories, middle-aged individuals had the best perception of sweet potato processing. This research can contribute to local food diversification strategies and preserving sweet potato varieties to support food security and family economies.

Keywords: agricultural practices; apperception; crop management; food security; perception