PENGARUH VARIASI HIGH FAT DIET TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL DAN HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR PADA HEWAN MODEL MENCIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

EFFECT OF HIGH FAT DIET VARIATIONS ON CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND HEPATIC HISTOPATHOLOGY IN MOUSE MODELS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Konsumsi makanan berlebih dapat menyebabkan penumpukan lemak yang berakhir pada diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan hiperkolesterolemia, gangguan sekresi insulin serta tingginya kadar Kolesterol memicu perlemakan dan kerusakan hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian High fat diet  dengan berbagai jenis lemak terhadap  kadar kolesterol dan histopatologi hepar yang dinduksi aloksan 100 mg/KgBB.  Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dua puluh ekor mencit jantan dibagi menjadi lima kelompok  perlakuan  yaitu, KK (pakan standar), KP (placebo), P1 (minyak nabati), P2 (lemak sapi), dan P3 (lemak  kambing) selama delapan minggu. Masing-masing perlakuan  perbandingan pakan, lemak dan kuning telur bebek sebesar 80%:15%:5%.  Setelah induksi dengan high fat diet  selama delapan minggu, kemudian diinjeksi dengan aloksan untuk membuat mencit diabetes melitus. Kadar kolesterol total diamati selama 3 minggu setelah injeksi aloksan. Preparat organ hepar dibuat dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-eosin (HE). Skoring organ hepar ditinjau dari kerusakan secara inflamasi, baloning dan steatosis. Data kadar kolesterol total dan skoring hepar dianalisis dengan uji statistik soft ware SPSS. Hasil statistik menunjukkan ada pengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar kolesterol total selama 56 hari dan 21 hari setelah injeksi aloksan (p < 0,05). Kadar kolesterol total pada P2 mengalami kenaikan yang drastis dan tajam pada setiap minggunya. Preparat histopatologi hepar menunjukkan beda nyata antar kelompok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa  High Fat Diet dengan menggunakan lemak sapi (P2) dapat mempengaruhi kadar kolesterol total dan histopatologi hepar hingga menyebabkan terjadinya steatosis dan diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Excessive food intake can lead to fat accumulation, resulting in type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, impaired insulin secretion, and elevated cholesterol levels, which contribute to fatty liver and liver damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) containing different fat sources on cholesterol levels and liver histopathology in mice induced with alloxan at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with twenty male mice divided into five groups: KK (standard diet), KP (placebo), P1 (vegetable oil), P2 (beef fat), and P3 (goat fat). The HFD consisted of 80% feed, 15% fat, and 5% duck yolk, administered over eight weeks. After the induction period, mice were injected with alloxan to induce diabetes mellitus. Total cholesterol levels were monitored for three weeks post-induction. Liver tissues were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and histopathological scoring was performed based on steatosis, inflammation, and ballooning. Cholesterol levels and liver scores were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results significantly affected total cholesterol levels at day 56 and 21 days after alloxan injection (p < 0.05). The P2 group (beef fat) demonstrated a sharp and consistent increase in cholesterol levels each week. Histopathological analysis revealed significant differences between treatment groups. These findings suggest that a high-fat diet containing beef fat (P2) significantly affects cholesterol levels and liver histopathology, contributing to steatosis and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.