PENGARUH METODE READ ALOUD TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI DAN BERPIKIR KRITIS ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

THE EFFECT OF THE READ-ALOUD METHOD ON LITERACY AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN CHILDREN AGED 5–6 YEARS

ABSTRAK

Uswatun Khasanah. 2026. Pengaruh Metode Read Aloud terhadap Kemampuan Literasi dan Berpikir Kritis Anak Usia 5–6 Tahun. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode read aloud terhadap kemampuan literasi dan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia 5–6 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi eksperimen (quasi experimental design) yang melibatkan anak Kelompok B di TK Banjarsari Asri. Perlakuan diberikan melalui kegiatan read aloud secara interaktif menggunakan buku cerita bergambar yang mendorong anak menyimak cerita, menjawab pertanyaan, mengemukakan pendapat, memprediksi alur cerita, dan menghubungkan isi cerita dengan pengalaman sehari-hari. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi menggunakan instrumen yang disusun berdasarkan indikator kemampuan literasi dan berpikir kritis anak usia dini. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji paired sample t-test untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan anak sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode read aloud berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan literasi dan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia 5–6 tahun. Nilai rata-rata kemampuan literasi meningkat dari 7,04 pada pretest menjadi 12,28 pada posttest dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05). Sementara itu, nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis meningkat dari 6,86 menjadi 11,82 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05). Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode read aloud secara interaktif dan berkelanjutan efektif meningkatkan kemampuan literasi dan berpikir kritis anak melalui pengalaman berbahasa yang bermakna, memperkaya kosakata, meningkatkan pemahaman cerita, serta mendorong anak untuk bertanya, berpendapat, memprediksi, dan mengaitkan isi cerita dengan pengalaman sehari-hari.

Kata Kunci: Metode Read Aloud, Literasi Anak Usia Dini, Berpikir Kritis, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.

ABSTRACT

Uswatun Khasanah. 2026. The Effect of the Read Aloud Method on Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills of Children Aged 5–6 Years. Thesis. Early Childhood Education Graduate Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of the Read Aloud method on the literacy skills and critical thinking skills of children aged 5–6 years. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design involving Group B children at TK Banjarsari Asri. The intervention was implemented through interactive Read Aloud activities using illustrated storybooks that encouraged children to listen attentively to stories, answer questions, express their opinions, predict story events, and relate the story content to their daily experiences. Data were collected through structured observations using instruments developed based on indicators of early childhood literacy and critical thinking skills. The data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to determine the differences in children's abilities before and after the intervention.

The results showed that the Read Aloud method had a significant positive effect on both literacy skills and critical thinking skills among children aged 5–6 years. The mean literacy score increased from 7.04 in the pretest to 12.28 in the posttest, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mean critical thinking score increased from 6.86 to 11.82, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the interactive and continuous implementation of the Read Aloud method is effective in improving children's literacy and critical thinking skills by providing meaningful language experiences, enriching vocabulary, enhancing story comprehension, and encouraging children to ask questions, express opinions, make predictions, and connect story content with their everyday experiences.

Keywords: Read-Aloud Method, Early Childhood Literacy, Critical Thinking, Early Childhood Education.