Briket merupakan bahan bakar yang dibuat dari biomassa melalui proses pengarangan, penggerusan, pencampuran, pencetakan dan pengeringan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan karakteristik briket campuran kulit durian dan tempurung keluwak meliputi nilai kalor, kadar abu, kadar air, kuat tekan, volatile matter dan kadar karbon terikat. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 4 tahap yakni tahap karbonisasi, tahap pembuatan briket, tahap karakterisasi dan tahap penentuan briket terbaik menggunakan metode CPI (Composite Performance Index). Penelitian ini dilakukan variasi pada perbandingan massa arang kulit durian : tempurung keluwak : perekat biji durian yang digunakan yakni sebanyak (80:0:20)%, (60:20:20)%, (40:40:20)%, (20:60:20)% dan (0:80:20)%. Uji karakterisasi terhadap briket yang dihasilkan mengacu pada SNI 01-6235-2000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada hasil karakterisasi briket terhadap penambahan arang tempurung keluwak. Kualitas akan semakin baik seiring dengan bertambahnya komposisi arang tempurung keluwak pada campuran briket. Berdasarkan metode CPI, briket terbaik adalah komposisi campuran (20:60:20)% yakni nilai kalor (6063 kal/gram), kadar air (5,49%), kadar abu (6,85%), volatile matter (14,87%), kadar karbon terikat (72,97%) dan kuat tekan (10,12 kg/cm2).
Kata Kunci : Briket, kulit durian, tempurung keluwak, biji durian, CPI
Briquettes are fuels made from biomass through the process of drying, grinding, mixing, printing and drying. The research aims to was to determine the characteristics briquette of the mixture durian’s peel and keluwak shell including heat value, ash content, water content, compressive strength, volatile matter and fixed. This research was divided into 4 stages, that is carbonization stage, briquette making stage, briquette characterization stage and the best briquette determination stage using the CPI (Composite Performance Index) method. This research carried out a variation on the mass ratio of durian charcoal: keluwak shell: the adhesive of durian seeds used is (80:0:20)%, (60:20:20)%, (40:40:20)%, (20:60:20)% and (0:80:20)%. The characterization test for the briquettes produced to SNI 01-6235-2000. The results showed that there was a significant effect on the results of briquette characterization given the addition of keluwak shell charcoal. The quality of the briquettes is getting better along with the increase in the composition of the keluwak shell charcoal in the briquette mixture. The best briquette based on the CPI method is composition mixture of 20% durian peel charcoal, 60% keluwak shell charcoal and 20% durian seed adhesive. Based on the CPI method, the best briquettes are the mixture composition (20:60:20)%, namely the heating value (6063 cal / gram), water content (5.49%), ash content (6.85%), volatile matter (14, 87%), fixed carbon (72.97%) and compressive strength (10.12 kg / cm2).
Keyword : Briquettes, durian peel, keluwak shell, durian seeds, CPI