Pengembangan Media Onigiri (Video Animasi Isi Piringku) dalam Menstimulasi Kemampuan Berpikit Kritis pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun

Development of Onigiri Media (Animated Video of the Contents of My Plate) to Stimulate Critical Thinking Abilities in Children Aged 5-6 Years

Abad 21 terjadi perkembangan pengetahuan, pesatnya teknologi dan mudahnya mencari informasi melalui berbagai media dan bisa diakses semua kalangan usia. Perkembangan teknologi berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan anak di masa depan. Kemampuan berpikir kritis menekankan anak untuk menentukan pilihannya sesuai pemikirannya salah satunya dalam  menentukan makanan untuk dikonsumsi. Anak usia 5-6 tahun hendaknya mampu membiasakan pola hidup sehat melalui berpikir kritis untuk mengoptimalkan tumbuh kembang melalui makanan sehat dan bergizi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui validitas dan keefektifan media Onigiri dalam menstimulasi kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation), validator pada penelitian ini adalah ahli materi, ahli media dan 2 guru PAUD. Subjek uji coba pengguna 26 anak kelompok B di TK Islam Al-Fatah Nginden Surabaya. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar instrumen penilaian. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan Paired Sample T-test. Hasil penilaian persentase 93,5% dari ahli media, dari ahli materi 80,5%, hasil pengguna satu mendapatkan persentase 93% dan kedua 90%. Berdasarkan hasil efektivitas didapatkan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000<0,05, berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yang artinya ada perbedaan rata-rata antara pretest dan posttest yang mengalami kenaikan skor posttest. Hasil analisis nilai N-gain di tiap indikator menyatakan bahwa indikator intrepretasi mendapatkan nilai N-gain 0,6282 berkategori sedang, indikator analisis 0,8013, indikator evaluasi 0,7600, indikator kesimpulan 0,9231, indikator penjelasan 0,7885 dan indikator pengaturan diri 0,7115 berkategori tinggi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media Onigiri efektif digunakan dalam menstimulasi kemampuan berpikir kritis pada anak usia 5-6 tahun.

Kata kunci : Media, Berpikir Kritis, Model ADDIE  

The 21st century has seen the development of knowledge, the rapid development of technology and the ease of finding information through various media and it can be accessed by all ages. Technological developments influence children's development in the future. Critical thinking skills emphasize children to make choices according to their thoughts, one of which is determining what food to consume. Children aged 5-6 years should be able to get used to a healthy lifestyle through critical thinking to optimize growth and development through healthy and nutritious food. The aim of this research is to determine the validity and effectiveness of Onigiri media in stimulating the critical thinking abilities of children aged 5-6 years. The method used is the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation), the validators in this research were material experts, media experts and 2 PAUD teachers. The test subjects were 26 group B children at Al-Fatah Nginden Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya. The data collection technique uses an assessment instrument sheet. This research uses data analysis techniques Paired Sample T-test. The percentage assessment results were 93.5% from media experts, 80.5% from material experts, the results of one user got a percentage of 93% and the second 90%. Based on the effectiveness results, the Sig value was obtained. (2-tailed) of 0.000<0.05, based on these results, H0rejected and H1 accepted which means there is an average difference between pretest and posttest which experienced an increase in scores posttest. Value analysis results N-gain in each indicator states that the interpretation indicator gets a value N-gain 0.6282 is in the medium category, the analysis indicator is 0.8013, the evaluation indicator is 0.7600, the conclusion indicator is 0.9231, the explanation indicator is 0.7885 and the self-regulation indicator is 0.7115 in the high category. So it can be concluded that the use of Onigiri media is effective in stimulating critical thinking skills in children aged 5-6 years.

Keywords : Media, Critical Thinking, ADDIE Model