Representasi Etika Lingkungan dalam Novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga karya Erni Aladjai (Teori Deep Ecology Arne Naess)

Representation of Environmental Ethics in Erni Aladjai's Novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga (Arne Naess's Deep Ecology Theory)

Kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan sebagian besar bersumber pada perilaku manusia yang mementingkan diri sendiri dan tidak bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan etika lingkungan dalam novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga karya Erni Aladjai berupa egalitarianisme biosfer, non-antroposentrisme, realisasi diri, hubungan simbiosis, dan ekopolitik. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori Deep Ecology Arne Naess. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan objektif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga karya Erni Aladjai. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik baca dan teknik catat, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini (1) egalitarianisme biosfer berupa kesadaran Haniyah atas kedudukan dan hak hidup setiap makhluk, sikap hormat Haniyah unsur nonhayati, pengakuan Haniyah pada nilai inheren dalam tanaman, peran cengkih bagi masyarakat Desa Kon, (2) non-antroposentrisme berupa masyarakat Desa Kon bagian dari alam dan bukan pusat dunia, masyarakat Desa Kon bergantung pada air dan cengkih, kontribusi cengkih pada masyarakat Desa Kon, keberagaman spesies dan jenis cengkih, (3) realisasi diri berupa relasi Haniyah dengan cengkih dan rempah-rempah, relasi keluarga Mapa dengan hutan, relasi Naf Tikore dengan alam, kehidupan sederhana keluarga Haniyah dan Naf Tikore, (4) hubungan simbiosis berupa mutualisme tumbuhan dan manusia, hubungan saling menguntungkan antara Haniyah dan pekerja, mempertahankan, melestarikan, dan memanfaatkan teteruga serta cengkih, prinsip hidup dan biarkan hidup pada belalang dan nyamuk, kebutuhan vital (5) ekopolitik berupa komitmen moral Haniyah pada panen cengkih, bisnis ramah lingkungan keluarga Haniyah, pemanfaatan teknologi konvensional, Haniyah tidak berperilaku konsumtif.

Kata Kunci: etika lingkungan, deep ecology, novel Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga.

Damage and environmental pollution mostly stem from selfish and irresponsible human behavior. This study aims to describe environmental ethics in the novel "Haniyah and Ala at Teteruga House" by Erni Aladjai, including biospheric egalitarianism, non-anthropocentrism, self-realization, symbiotic relationships, and ecopolitics. The theory used is Arne Naess' Deep Ecology theory. This research is qualitative research with an objective approach. The data source for this study is the novel "Haniyah and Ala at Teteruga House" by Erni Aladjai. Data collection techniques include reading and note-taking, while data analysis techniques employ descriptive analysis. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Biospheric egalitarianism is manifested in Haniyah's awareness of the position and right to life of every being, Haniyah's respect for abiotic elements, Haniyah's recognition of inherent value in plants, and the role of cloves in the community of Kon Village. (2) Non-anthropocentrism is represented by Kon Village being part of nature and not the center of the world, Kon Village's dependence on water and cloves, the contributions of cloves to the Kon Village community, and the diversity of species and types of cloves. (3) Self-realization is portrayed through Haniyah's relationship with cloves and spices, Mapa's family's relationship with the forest, Naf Tikore's relationship with nature, and the simple life of Haniyah and Naf Tikore's family. (4) Symbiotic relationships include the mutualism between plants and humans, the mutually beneficial relationship between Haniyah and the workers, the preservation, conservation, and utilization of turtles and cloves, the principle of living and letting live for grasshoppers and mosquitoes, and vital needs. (5) Ecopolitics is demonstrated through Haniyah's moral commitment to clove harvesting, the environmentally friendly business practices of Haniyah's family, the utilization of conventional technology, and Haniyah's non-consumerist behavior.

Keywords: environmental ethics, deep ecology, Haniyah dan Ala di Rumah Teteruga novel.