Karakterisasi dan Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Gel Aloe vera Kombinasi Kitosan sebagai Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Abstrak. Penelitian mengenai pengembangan sintesis sediaan gel Aloe vera kombinasi kitosan sebagai antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan komposisi Aloe vera dengan kitosan terhadap karakterisasi dan efektivitas antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus sebagai kandidat obat luka sayat. Sintesis sediaan gel Aloe vera kombinasi kitosan dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan Aloe vera dan larutan kitosan menggunakan perbandingan berat 2:1; 1:1; dan 1:2 (AvK₁, AvK₂, dan AvK₃), serta penambahan Na-CMC, gliserin, dan propilen glikol, yang mana hasil sediaan gel dinetralkan hingga mencapai pH 6,5–7,0. Hasil sediaan gel dikarakterisasi secara organoleptik, pengukuran viskositas, identifikasi gugus fungsional, serta uji efektivitas antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan metode difusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari pengamatan organoleptik yaitu warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Karakterisasi pengukuran viskositas terendah dihasilkan oleh gel AvK₃ yakni sebesar 13,0412 mPa.s. Hasil identifikasi gugus fungsional dari semua sediaan gel menunjukkan adanya vibrasi ulur O–H dan N–H, vibrasi ulur C=O, dan vibrasi tekuk C–H, serta vibrasi ulur C–O. Serta uji antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dari sediaan gel Aloe vera kombinasi kitosan dengan berbagai variasi menunjukkan hasil yang efektif yakni yang terkuat ditunjukkan oleh gel AvK₁ dengan zona hambat sebesar 26 mm.

Kata kunci : kitosan, Aloe vera, antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus

 Abstract. The study about development synthesis gel of Aloe vera combination chitosan as Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial has been done. This study has the aim to determine the effect of composition comparison of Aloe vera with chitosan on the characterization and effectiveness of Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial as a candidate for wound healing. The synthesis the gel of Aloe vera combination chitosan was made by mixing of Aloe vera and chitosan solution with weight variated 2:1; 1:1; and 1:2 (AvK₁, AvK₂, and AvK₃), and addition of Na-CMC, glycerin, and propylene glycol, which the gel was neutralized until it reached pH 6,5–7,0. The gel preparation were characterized by organoleptic, measuring viscosity, functional groups identification, and effectiveness test of Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial by diffusion method. The results were shown based organoleptic observations by color, smell, and texture. The lowest viscosity measurement characterization was showed by AvK₃ gel, which was 13.0412 mPa.s. The result functional groups identification of all gel preparations was indicated the presence of O–H and N–H stretching vibrations, C=O stretching vibrations, C–H bending vibrations, and C–O stretching vibrations. Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial test from gel of Aloe vera combination chitosan with various variations were shown effective result, which the strongest was shown by AvK₁ gel with an inhibition zone of 26 mm.

Key words: chitosan, Aloe vera, antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus