Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Tegal Desa untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksposisi Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar

The Development of Teaching Materials Based on the Local Wisdom of Tegal Desa to Improve Expository Text Writing Skills Among 6th-Grade Elementary School Students

Keterampilan menulis merupakan keterampilan yang kompleks karena memerlukan wawasan, penguasaan kosakata, dan pengalaman agar mampu menyampaikan ide secara sistematis. Ide atau gagasan dapat diperoleh melalui materi pada bahan ajar yang relevan dengan kearifan lokal yaitu tegal desa. Kearifan lokal tegal desa merupakan salah satu tradisi yang turun temurun dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk bahan ajar berbasis kearifan lokal tegal desa yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 35 siswa kelas VI di UPT SDN 209 Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dan tes keetrampilan menulis teks eksposisi. Instrumen penelitian diantara uji validitas, uji kepraktisan bahan ajar, dan tes keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui deskripsi kualitatif, uji normalitas, uji-t, dan NGain score analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 91,6 % bahan ajar dinyatakan valid oleh ahli materi, 89,4 % valid oleh ahli bahasa, dan 92,7% oleh ahli media. Sementara pada uji kepraktisan diperoleh rata-rata 83,78% dan 90,6% termasuk kategori sangat praktis. Bahan ajar dinilai efektif dengan rata-rata N-Gain score analysis 0,69 termasuk kategori sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar berbasis kearifan lokal tegal desa valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar. Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis kearifan lokal dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber belajar yang relevan dengan kehidupan nyata dan dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk memperluas penelitian berikutnya.

Kata kunci: Bahan ajar, kearifan lokal, tegal desa, keterampilan menulis, teks eksposisi

Writing skill is a complex skill because it requires insight, vocabulary mastery, and experience to effectively deliver ideas systematically. Ideas can be obtained from teaching materials that are relevant to local wisdom, specifically Tegal Desa (a traditional ceremony in Java as an expression of gratitude for the village's blessings and prosperity). Local wisdom of Tegal Desa is one of the traditions passed down through generations in the community. The aim of this study is to produce a teaching material based on the local wisdom of Tegal Desa that is valid, practical, and effective in improving expository text writing skills among 6th-grade Elementary School students. The research method used was the ADDIE development model. This study was conducted on 35 6th-grade students in UPT SDN 209 Gresik. The data collection techniques used were a questionnaire and an expository text writing skills test. The instruments were a validity test, a practicality test of teaching materials, and an expository text writing skills test. The data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods, normality tests, t-tests, and NGain score analysis. The results of the study showed that 91.6% of teaching materials were declared valid by the material expert, 89.4% were declared valid by the language expert, and 92.7% were declared valid by the media expert. Meanwhile, in the practicality test, it obtained average scores of 83.78% and 90.6%, which are included in the very practical category. Teaching materials were considered effective with an average N-Gain score analysis of 0.69, included in the moderate category. It can be concluded that teaching materials based on the local wisdom of Tegal Desa are valid, practical, and effective in improving expository text writing skills among 6th-grade Elementary School students. The development of teaching materials based on local wisdom can be used as an alternative learning resource that is relevant to real life and can be used as a reference for further study.

Keywords: Teaching material, local wisdom, Tegal Desa, writing skill, expository text