Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik

Implementation of Problem Based Learning Based on Local Wisdom to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills

    Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai peserta didik pada tantangan abad 21 ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis melalui model Problem Based Learning berbasis kearifan lokal, mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan respons peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimental design dan rancangan non-equivalent control group design. Subjek yang dituju yaitu peserta didik kelas VII di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Kediri dengan menggunakan 2 kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu (1) Pretest dan Posttest dengan menggunakan lima soal uraian mengandung indikator berpikir kritis, (2) Observasi kegiatan pada proses pembelajaran dan (3) Angket respon setelah pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian diperoleh (1) peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis kelas dengan model Problem Based Learning berbasis kearifan lokal memiliki rata-rata persentase N-Gain sebesar 68% dengan kategori berpikir kritis “sedang” dan kelas dengan pembelajaran berpusat pada guru memiliki rata-rata persentase N-Gain sebesar 45% dengan kategori berpikir kritis “rendah”, (2) Seluruh kegiatan pembelajaran terlaksana mulai kegiatan pendahuluan hingga penutup, dan (3) Respons peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran model PBL berbasis kearifan lokal berkategori baik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbasis kearifan lokal cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan mencari lebih banyak rujukan untuk menemukan korelasi kearifan lokal dengan materi yang lebih erat dan relevan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari serta lebih menekankan kearifan lokal yang digunakan.

Critical thinking is one of the essential skills students need for the challenges of 21st century. This study aims to describe the improvement of critical thinking skills through the Problem Based Learning model based on local wisdom, describe the implementation of learning and students' responses to learning. This research used descriptive quantitative with a quasi-experimental design and non-equivalent control group design. The intended subjects were seventh grade students in one of the public junior high schools in Kediri Regency using 2 classes. The data collection techniques used are (1) Pretest and Posttest using five description questions containing critical thinking indicators, (2) Observation of activities in the learning process and (3) Response questionnaire after learning. The results of the study is (1) the increase in critical thinking skills of classes with local wisdom-based Problem Based Learning models has an average N-Gain percentage of 68% with a “medium” critical thinking category and classes with teacher-centered learning have an average N-Gain percentage of 45% with a “low” critical thinking category, (2) All learning activities were carried out starting from the introduction to conclution, and (3) Students' responses to learning PBL models based on local wisdom were categorized as good. The conclusion of this study is implementation of the Problem Based Learning model based on local wisdom is quite effective in improving students' critical thinking skills. Future research expected to find more references and more correlations closely of local wisdom with materials that related and relevant to life and emphasize the local wisdom used.

Keyword               : Problem Based Learning ,Critical Thinking Skill, Local Wisdom