PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES BERBASIS LITERASI SAINS UNTUK MEMETAKAN CRITICAL THINKING DAN PRACTICAL SKILLS SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH KELAS XI SMA

DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENT TEST BASED ON SCIENCE LITERATION FOR MAPPING CRITICAL THINKING AND PRACTICAL SKILLS OF STUDENTS IN THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ON CIRCULAR SYSTEM

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes berbasis literasi sains yang valid dan reliabel untuk memetakan critical thinking dan practical skills siswa. Prosedur dalam penelitian ini diadaptasi dari Seels & Glasgow (1998) yaitu ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahapan yakni Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Analisis validitas teoritis tes dilakukan oleh pakar ahli dengan menggunakan lembar validasi. Validitas empiris instrumen tes dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Korelasi Produk Momen Pearson dan analisis reliabilitas menggunakan metode Alfa Cronbach pada software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 20 untuk masing-masing jenis soal. Instrumen tes ini berisi 31 butir soal dengan 2 jenis soal yaitu soal objektif dan subjektif. Uji coba instrumen dilakukan pada 28 siswa kelas XI SMA. Hasil rata-rata dari validasi teoritis instrumen tes pada aspek materi, konstruksi, dan kebahasaan berturut-turut sebesar 96%, 98% dan 94% dengan rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 96% yang berkategori sangat valid. Hasil validitas empiris instrumen tes dihasilkan 20 butir soal yang valid dengan nilai reliabilitas soal objektif dan subjektif masing-masing adalah 0.679 dan 0.725, sehingga kedua jenis soal mempunyai kategori reliabilitas tinggi. Hasil dari pengerjaan tes dapat diketahui nilai rata-rata kemampuan critical thinking siswa pada keseluruhan aspek sebesar 46.9 yang termasuk kategori rendah, sedangkan nilai rata-rata practical skills siswa pada keseluruhan aspek sebesar 65.00 sehingga termasuk kategori sedang.

Kata Kunci: Instrumen tes berbasis literasi sains, validitas, reliabilitas, critical thinking, practical skills

Abstract

This study aims to develop valid and reliable scientific literacy-based test instruments to map students' critical thinking and practical skills. The procedure in this study was adapted from Seels & Glasgow (1998) namely ADDIE which consists of five stages namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Analysis of the theoretical validity of the tests was carried out from the experts by using validation sheets. The empirical validity of the test instruments was analyzed using the Pearson Moment Product Correlation method and reliability analysis using the Alfa Cronbach method in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 20 software for each type of question. This test instrument contains 31 items with 2 types of questions namely objective and subjective questions. The instrument test was conducted on 28 students of class XI of high school. The average results of the theoretical validation of the test in the aspects of material, construction, and linguistics  in sequence 96%, 98% and 94% with an overall average of 96% which categorized as very valid. The results of the empirical validity of the test  produced 20 valid items with the reliability values ​​of objective and subjective questions respectively 0.679 and 0.725, according to the results-both types of questions have high reliability categories. The results of the test able to known the average value of critical thinking abilities of students in all aspects of 46.9 which is included in the low category, while the average value of practical skills of students in all aspects of 65.00 so that it belongs to the medium category.

Keywords: Test instruments based on scientific literacy, validity, reliability, critical thinking, practical skills