Anak penyandang cacat (disabilitas) atau anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) yang dalam perkembangannya mengalami gangguan, hambatan maupun keterlambatan perlu mendapatkan penanganan secara khusus. Melalui Surat Keputusan Direktur Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Provinsi Jawa Timur menyebutkan bahwa dipandang perlu untuk membuat inovasi kebijakan publik berupa Home Program Untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran untuk memahami dan menjelaskan implementasi Home Program (HP) untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai Implementasi Home Program (HP) untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) di Poli Tumbang RSJ Menur Pelaksanaan Home Program telah sesuai dengan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) yang berlaku. Masih ditemui kekurangan sumber daya manusia untuk melaksanakan Home Program di Poli Tumbang RSJ Menur. Pelaksana Home Program di Poli Tumbang RSJ Menur melakukan proses komunikasi antar pelaksananya terjalin sangatlah baik. Sikap/kecenderungan para pelaksana telah terpenuhi namun dengan cara berdiskusi yang langsung adalah cara mereka untuk menukar informasi dalam penanganan ABK pada Home Program. Pembedaan masih ada orang tua dan caregiver ABK yang kurang komitmen dan konsisten. Pengaruh lingkungan sosial yang terjadi pada orang tua ABK yaitu kurangnya bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya saat berada di rumah karena lingkungan sosial kurang menerima keberadaan ABK. Dukungan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur juga mengadakan agenda kegiatan untuk ABK yang diharapkan orang tua ABK dapat memiliki komunitas baru antar orang tua ABK yang berguna untuk membantu pola pikir keluarga ABK dalam memecahkan permasalahan kondisi buah hatinya tersebut.
Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu perlu adanya penambahan sumber daya manusia yaitu terapi wicara di Poli Tumbang RSJ Menur Provinsi Jawa timur agar menunjang kuantitas sumber daya. Meningkatkan komitmen dan konsistensi pada orang tua dan caregiver ABK untuk berperan melaksanakan dalam melakukan terapi lanjutan di rumah. Memberikan edukasi kepada lingkungan sosial (masyarakat) perlu dukungan dan penerimaan ABK, bukan memberikan penolakan dalam kehadiran mereka. Mengoptimalkan Home Program untuk ABK di Poli Tumbang RSJ Menur yang dapat mencakup seluruh wilayah di Jawa Timur, misalnya melakukan layanan terapi melalui mobil keliling.
Kata kunci : Implementasi, ABK, Home Program, Caregiver
Children with disabilities or children with special needs (ABK) who in their development experience disorders, obstacles or delays need to get special treatment. Through the Decree of the Director of the Menur Mental Hospital of East Java Province, it is stated that it is deemed necessary to make public policy innovations in the form of a Home Program for Children with Special Needs. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research objective is to obtain an overview to understand and explain the implementation of the Home Program (HP) for children with special needs. Data analysis techniques were carried out through three stages, namely data collection, data reduction, and concluding.
Based on the results of research on the Implementation of the Home Program (HP) for Children with Special Needs (ABK) in the Tumbang Poly mental hospital Menur The Implementation of the Home Program is following the applicable Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). There is still a lack of human resources to implement the Home Program at Tumbang Poly Menur Mental Hospital. The implementation of the Home Program at the Tumbang Poly Menur Mental Hospital conducted a very good communication process between the executors. The attitudes/tendencies of the implementers have been met but by way of direct discussion is their way to exchange information in handling children with special needs at the Home Program. The distinction is that there are still parents and caregivers of children with special needs who lack commitment and consistency. The influence of the social environment that occurs in parents of children with special needs is the lack of socializing with the surrounding environment when at home because the social environment is less accepting of the existence of children with special needs. East Java Provincial Government Support also organizes an agenda of activities for children with special needs that are expected to parents of children with special needs can have a new community between parents of children with special needs that is useful to help the mindset of families of children with special needs in solving the problems of the condition of their baby.
Suggestions from this research are the need for additional human resources, namely speech therapy in the Tumbang Poly Menur Mental Hospital in East Java Province to support the number of resources. Increase commitment and consistency in parents and caregivers of children with special needs to play a role in carrying out advanced therapy at home. Providing education to the social environment (the society) needs support and acceptance of children with special needs, not giving rejection in their presence. Optimizing the Home Program for children with special needs in the Tumbang Poly Menur Mental Hospital which can cover all areas in East Java, for example providing therapy services through mobile cars.