Gambaran Histopatologi Toksisitas Hepar Tikus Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Pasca Pemberian Sirup Umbi Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)
Histopathological Overview of Liver Toxicity of Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) After Administration of Yakon Tuber Syrup (Smallanthus sonchifolius)
Toksisitas mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan jaringan hepar jika terakumulasi oleh xenbiotik secara terus-menerus. Kandungan bioaktif umbi yakon terutama senyawa fenolik berpotensi dapat meningkatkan antioksidan dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus jantan yang mengalami toksisitas setelah diberikan sirup umbi yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius). Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang terbagi menjadi tiga kelompok perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan diantaranya yaitu kelompok kontrol (aquades 4 mg/g BB), perlakuan 1 (sirup umbi yakon tanpa penambahan inhibitor dosis 3 mg/g BB), dan perlakuan 2 (sirup umbi yakon tanpa penambahan inhibitor dosis 3 mg/g BB) selama 30 hari. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskall-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney dengan software IBM SPSS Statistics 16.Hasil uji Kruskall-Wallis menunjukkan pengaruh pemberian sirup umbi yakon terhadap struktur histopatologi hepar secara signifikan (P<0,000) dan hasil uji Man-Whitney menunjukkan pemberian sirup umbi yakon pada kelompok perlakuan 2 mengalami kerusakan tertinggi dibandingkan kelompok perlakuan 1 yaitu sebesar 92,82% (P<0,000). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian sirup umbi yakon dapat menimbulkan efek toksik pada jaringan hepar tikus jantan mengakibatkan struktur histopatologi jaringan hepar mengalami perubahan sel hepatosit dengan kerusakan berupa degenerasi parenkim, degenerasi hidropik, dan nekrosis. Sirup umbi yakon tanpa penambahan inhibitor memiliki tingkat toksisitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan sirup dengan penambahan inhibitor.
Kata kunci: Histopatologi hepar; toksisitas; sirup umbi yakon
Toxicity results in liver tissue damage if accumulated by xenbiotics continuously. The bioactive content of yacon tubers, especially phenolic compounds, has the potential to increase antioxidants in the body. This study to analyze the histopathological features of the liver of male rats that experienced toxicity after being given Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) bulb syrup. This experimental study used male rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were divided into three treatment groups with three replications, namely the control group (4 mg/g BW aquadest), treatment 1 (yacon tuber syrup without the addition of an inhibitor at a dose of 3 mg/g BW), and treatment 2 (yacon tuber syrup without the addition of an inhibitor at a dose of 3 mg/g BW) for 30 days. Data analysis used the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test with IBM SPSS Statistics 16 software. The results of the Kruskall-Wallis test showed that the administration of Yacon tuber syrup had a significant effect on the histopathological structure of the liver (P<0.000) and the results of the Man-Whitney test showed that the administration of Yakon tuber syrup in treatment group 2 experienced the highest damage compared to treatment group 1, which was 92.82% (P<0.000). It was concluded that the administration of yacon tuber syrup could have a toxic effect on the liver tissue of male rats resulting in the histopathological structure of the liver tissue undergoing changes in hepatocyte cells with damage in the form of parenchymal degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis.
Kata kunci: Liver histopathology; toxicity; Smallanthus sonchifolius tuber syrup