Implementasi Program Stunting Denga Pemberian Makanan di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro

Implementation of the Stunting Program by Providing Additional Food in Mojosari Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency

ABSTRAK

Stunting merupakan keadaan di mana pertumbuhan seseorang memiliki tinggi badan yang lebih pendek daripada rata-rata tinggi badan orang seusianya. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masih adanya angka gizi kurang di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Dengan adanya implementasi program stunting dengan pemberian makanan tambahan diharapkan bisa mengurangi atau mencegah terjadinya angka stunting di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro, walaupun pelaksanaan belum bisa semaksimal sesuai harapan pemerintah Desa Mojosari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi program stunting dengan pemberian makanan di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Fokus penelitian Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) yang bergizi untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita dan ibu hamil serta memberikan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat cara hidup yang sehat dan bersih, pola asuh yang baik terhadap balita, dan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya nutrisi gizi.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Van Meter dan Van Horn yaitu : Standar dan sasaran kebijakan, Sumber daya kebijakan, Komunikasi antar organisasi dan penguatan aktivitas, Karakteritik agen pelaksana, Kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan politik,  Disposisi implementor

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat di simpulkan bahwa implementasi program stunting dengan pemberian makanan tambahan di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro sudah berjalan sesuai standar dan sasaran, pemberian kudapan PMT kepada balita dan ibu hamil sudah memenuhi standar bergizi. Sasaran kebijakan juga sudah tepat yaitu balita,ibu hamil dan menyusui. Sarana dan prasarana untuk kegiatan tersebut sudah memadai, tinggal SDM  kader posyandu dan kader stunting belum memadai perlu ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan guna meningkatan SDM. Tetapi masih ada hambatan yang di alami yaitu belum terlaksananya aspek komunikasi antar organisasi dan penguatan aktivitas dan sumber daya manusia, karena masih kurang adanya kesadaran masyarakat tentang pola asuh yang baik, cara hidup yang bersih dan sehat.

Ada beberapa saran yang diberikan peneliti yaitu 1) Kader kesehatan harus lebih giat dalam penyampaian penyuluhan tentang program pencegahan stunting dan tentang gizi agar orang tua balita selalu ingat akan pentingnya pemenuhan gizi yang seimbang, 2) untuk SDM pelaksana program perlu ditingkatkan agar implementasi program bisa berjalan efektif dan efisien, 3) untuk pemerintah desa perlu ditingkatkan untuk anggaran PMT dan menyediakan sarana dan prasarana kesehatan yang mendukung, 4) bidan desa dan kader Kesehatan harus berupaya lebih gencar lagi dalam memberikan motivasi kepada ibu balita untuk datang ke taman posyandu dan ibu hamil untuk mengikuti program kelas ibu hamil secara rutin, 5) pelaksana program diharapkan lebih memenuhi SOP demi tercapainya tujuan program.

Kata Kunci : Implementasi Program, Stunting, Pemberian Makanan Tambahan

ABSTRACT

Stunting is a condition where a person's height is shorter than the average height of people his age. This research was conducted because there is still malnutrition in Mojosari Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency. With the implementation of the stunting program with PMT, it is hoped that it will be able to prevent stunting rates in Mojosari Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency, although implementation has not been as optimal as the Mojosari Village government's expectations. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of the stunting program by providing food in Mojosari Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency. The research focuses on providing nutritious supplementary food to improve the nutritional status of toddlers and pregnant women as well as providing outreach to the community on healthy and clean ways of living, good parenting patterns for toddlers, and knowledge about the importance of nutritional nutrition.

This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study approach. The data collection techniques are interviews, observation, and documentation. This research uses Van Meter and Van Horn's theory, namely: Policy standards and targets, Policy resources, Communication between organizations and strengthening activities, Characteristics of implementing agents, Social, economic and political conditions, Disposition of implementers

Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the stunting program with PMT in Mojosari Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency has met standards and targets, providing PMT snacks to toddlers and pregnant women has met nutritional standards. The policy targets are also appropriate, namely toddlers, pregnant, and breastfeeding mothers. The facilities and infrastructure for these activities are adequate, only the human resources for posyandu cadres and stunting cadres are inadequate and need to be improved through training to increase human resources. However, there are still obstacles that are experienced, namely the lack of implementation of aspects of communication between organizations and strengthening activities and human resources, because there is still a lack of public awareness about good parenting patterns, a clean and healthy way of life.

There are several suggestions given by researchers, namely 1) Health cadres must be more active in providing education about stunting prevention programs and nutrition so that parents of toddlers always remember the importance of providing balanced nutrition, 2) Human resources for program implementers need to be improved so that program implementation can run smoothly. effective and efficient, 3) the village government needs to increase the PMT budget and provide supporting health facilities and infrastructure, 4) midwives and health cadres must make more intensive efforts to motivate mothers under five to come to the posyandu and pregnant women to take part in the program routine classes for pregnant women, 5) program implementers are expected to fulfill the SOPs to achieve program objectives.

Keywords: Program Implementation, Stunting, Providing Additional Food