Pengembangan Tes Keterampilan Gerak Sebagai Instrumen Ujian Praktik Akhir Siswa Sekolah Dasar
The Development of Motor Skill Tests as an Instrument for Final Practice Test for Elementary School Students.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi masih kurangnya alternative instrument tes untuk mengukur ujian praktik akhir siswa SD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan tes keterampilan gerak ujian praktik akhir SD yang valid dan reliabel, serta dapat ditentukan kriteria penilaiannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) Borg & Gall dengan langkah berikut: (1) Pengumpulan informasi, (2) Pengembangan produk awal, (3) Uji validasi ahli dan revisi, (4) Uji coba lapangan 1 dan revisi, (5) uji coba lapangan 2 untuk mencari validitas dan relibilitas, serta penentuan kriteria penilaian. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 6 SD. Instrumen tes yang dikembangkan meliputi: (1) Pengukuran IMT, (2) Tes Push Up 60 detik, (3) Tes Shuttle Run 4x10 meter dan (4) Tes MFT. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu: (1) analisis data kualitatif untuk data hasil FGD. (2), analisis data kuantitatif berupa uji validitas ahli dengan Aiken’s V, uji validitas konstruk dari hasil uji lapangan 2 dilakukan dengan teknik analisis Inter-item correlation product moment, uji reliabilitas Spearman Brown dilakukan dengan teknik analisis belah dua dan penentuan kriteria penilaian menggunakan penilaian acuan norma (PAN) skala 5 kategori. Penelitian ini menghasilkan instrumen tes keterampilan gerak yang valid dan reliabel, serta kriteria penilaian berdasarkan PAN yaitu (1) tes Push up 60 detik, dengan “r” validitas = 0.93, “r” reliabilitas = 0.90, dan PAN dengan nilai A= (43 ke atas), B= (34<43), C= (24<34), D= (14<24) dan E= (<14). (2) MFT, dengan “r” validitas = 0.35, “r” reliabilitas = 0.95, dan PAN dengan nilai A= (30.4 ke atas), B= (27.8<30.4), C= (25.2<27.8), D= (22.6<25.2) dan E= (<22.6). Penelitian ini menghasilkan tes keterampilan gerak yang dapat digunakan sebagagai instrument penilaian ujian praktik akhir siswa kelas 6 SD yaitu tes Push up 60 detik dan tes MFT.
This study is backgrounded by the lack of alternative test instruments to measure elementary students' final practice exams. This study aims to develop a valid and reliable elementary students' final practice motor skills test and determine the assessment criteria. The research method used is the Borg & Gall research and development (R&D) with the following steps: (1) Information gathering, (2) Initial product development, (3) Expert validation and revision testing, (4) First trial and revision, (5) Second trial to look for validity and reliability, as well as determining assessment criteria. The subjects in this study were a 6th-grade elementary student. The developed test instruments include: (1) IMT measurements, (2) 60 seconds Push Up Test, (3) 4x10 meter Shuttle Run Test and (4) MFT Test. The first method used in this research is a qualitative method for FGD results data. Second, a quantitative data analysis in the form of expert validity test with Aiken's V, construct validity test from the results of the second trial test was carried out with Inter-item correlation product moment analysis technique, Spearman-Brown reliability test was carried out with a half analysis technique and determination of assessment criteria using norm reference of (PAN) scale 5 category. This study produced a valid and reliable motion skills test instrument, and assessment criteria based on PAN, i. e. (1) 60 seconds Push up test, with "r" validity = 0.93, "r" reliability = 0.90, and PAN with an A = (43) and above), B = (34 <43), C = (24 <34), D = (14 <24) and E = (<14). (2) MFT, with "r" validity = 0.35, "r" reliability = 0.95, and PAN with values A = (30.4 and above), B = (27.8 <30.4), C = (25.2 <27.8), D = (22.6 <25.2) and E = (<22.6). This study produced a motor skills test that could be used as an instrument for evaluating the final practice test for 6th grade students, namely the 60 second Push up test and the MFT test.