Hubungan Tingkat Konsumsi Zat Gizi Makro dan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Siklus Menstruasi Mahasiswi Program Studi S1 Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya

The Relation between Levels Of Consumption Of Macronutrients and Physical Activity with The Menstrual Cycle Of Undergraduate Students Of The Nutrition Study Program State University Of Surabaya

Siklus menstruasi merupakan suatu hal yang krusial bagi wanita. Siklus menstruasi yang tidak teratur dapat mengganggu mental, fisik, bahkan hingga sosial. Gangguan siklus menstruasi berkaitan erat dengan beberapa faktor, diantaranya asupan zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan tingkat konsumsi zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik dengan siklus menstruasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan jumlah responden 75 orang mahasiswi program studi S1 Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya yang diambil secara non probability sampling. Data tingkat konsumsi zat gizi makro dicatat menggunakan form SQ-FFQ dengan metode wawancara, data aktivitas fisik dicatat menggunakan kuesioner IPAQ-SF, dan data siklus menstruasi dicatat menggunakan form siklus menstruasi dengan metode self record. Uji hubungan tingkat konsumsi zat gizi makro dan aktivitas fisik dengan siklus menstruasi menggunakan uji Spearman. Tingkat konsumsi karbohidrat pada 31 responden (41,3%) dan lemak pada 33 responden (44%) tergolong normal. Tingkat aktivitas fisik mayoritas responden 58,7% termasuk kategori sedang. Sebanyak 52 responden (69,3%) mengalami siklus menstruasi normal dan hal ini berhubungan signifikan dengan asupan karbohidrat (p=0,001; r=0,4), asupan lemak (p=0,001; r=0,4), dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,005; r=0,4). Sedangkan sebanyak 50,7% responden dengan tingkat konsumsi protein lebih tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan siklus menstruasi (p=0,289; r=-0,1). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat konsumsi karbohidrat, lemak, dan aktivitas fisik dengan siklus menstruasi. Sedangkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat konsumsi protein dengan siklus menstruasi.

Kata kunci : tingkat konsumsi zat gizi makro, tingkat aktivitas fisik, siklus menstruasi, mahasiswi

The menstrual cycle is a crucial thing for women. Irregular menstrual cycles can interfere their mental, physical, and even social lives. Disorders of the menstrual cycle are closely related to several factors, including intake of macronutrients and physical activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between levels of consumption of macronutrients and physical activity with the menstrual cycle. It was a cross-sectional study with 75 female students of the Nutrition Departement at State University of Surabaya who were taken with non-probability sampling. SQ-FFQ were used to estimate dietary intake of macronutrient, physical activity level were measured by using IPAQ-SF questionnaire, and menstrual cycle data were recorded using the menstrual cycle form using the self-record method. The correlation test between the level of consumption of macronutrients and physical activity with the menstrual cycle are using the Spearman test. The level of consumption of carbohydrates and fats in the majority of respondents respectively 41.3% and 44% according to the daily needs of the respondents. The level of physical activity of the majority of respondents in the moderate category was 58.7%. A total of 52 respondents (69.3%) experienced normal menstrual cycles and this was significantly related to carbohydrate intake (p=0.001; r=0,4), fat intake (p=0.001; r=0,4), and physical activity (p=0.005; r=0,4). Meanwhile, 50.7% of respondents with a high level of protein consumption did not have a significant relationship with the menstrual cycle (p=0.289; -0,1). It was concluded that there was a significant relation between the level of consumption of carbohydrates, fats, and physical activity with the menstrual cycle. Conversely there is no correlation between the level of protein consumption and the menstrual cycle.

Keywords: level of consumption of macronutrients, level of physical activity, menstrual cycle, female students.