EVALUASI DAMPAK LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KARIER TERHADAP LINIERITAS KARIER ALUMNI SMK : PENDEKATAN CIPPO BERBASIS TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KARIER DONALD SUPERY
EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF CAREER GUIDANCE SERVICES ON THE CAREER LINEARITY OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL ALUMNI: A CIPPO APPROACH BASED ON DONALD SUPER'S CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY
EVALUASI DAMPAK LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KARIER TERHADAP LINIERITAS KARIER ALUMNI SMK : PENDEKATAN CIPPO BERBASIS TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KARIER DONALD SUPER
Nama : MOHAMMAD MASTUKIN
NIM : 24011355035
Program Studi : Magister Bimbingan dan Konseling
Fakultas : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan
Nama Lembaga : Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Pembimbing I : Dr. Denok Setiawati, M.Pd., Kons.
Pembimbing II : Dr. Evi Winingsih, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Permasalahan linieritas karier alumni Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) masih menjadi tantangan krusial dalam dinamika transisi sekolah sampai kerja . khususnya ketika lulusan bekerja pada bidang yang tidak selaras dengan kompetensi keahlian yang dipelajari. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan pendidikan vokasi tidak cukup diukur dari status bekerja, tetapi perlu dilihat dari kesesuaian antara program keahlian dan bidang pekerjaan alumni. Dalam konteks ini, layanan bimbingan karier memiliki peran strategis untuk menuntun peserta didik dalam memahami diri, merencanakan karier, serta mengambil keputusan karier yang realistis dan berkelanjutan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dampak layanan bimbingan karier terhadap linieritas karier alumni SMK dengan menggunakan pendekatan evaluasi CIPPO (Context, Input, Process, Product, dan Outcome) berbasis teori perkembangan karier Donald Super. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan evaluatif dengan subjek penelitian meliputi kepala sekolah, guru bimbingan dan konseling, peserta didik, serta alumni SMK Negeri 1 Singgahan. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menilai keterkaitan antar komponen evaluasi hingga dampak layanan pada alumni.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen context, input, process, dan product layanan bimbingan karier berada pada kategori baik, yang menandakan bahwa layanan telah dirancang dan dilaksanakan secara relatif sistematis serta mampu meningkatkan kesiapan karier peserta didik. Namun demikian, komponen outcome menunjukkan bahwa linieritas karier alumni masih berada pada tingkat cukup. Temuan ini mengindikasikan adanya kesenjangan antara kesiapan karier yang terbentuk di sekolah dan realisasi karier setelah lulus. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi dengan pendekatan CIPPO berbasis teori Donald Super dinilai relevan untuk memberikan gambaran komprehensif dan menjadi dasar perbaikan layanan bimbingan karier agar berdampak lebih nyata pada linieritas karier alumni.
Kata kunci: bimbingan karier; linieritas karier; alumni SMK; evaluasi CIPPO; teori perkembangan karier Donald Super
ABSTRACT
Name : MOHAMMAD MASTUKIN
Study Program : Master of Guidance and Counseling
Faculty : Faculty of Education
Institution Name : Surabaya State University
Supervisor I : Dr. Denok Setiawati, M.Pd., Kons.
Supervisor II : Dr. Evi Winingsih, S.Pd., M.Pd.
The issue of career linearity among graduates of Vocational High Schools (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan/SMK) remains a crucial challenge in the dynamics of the school-to-work transition, particularly when graduates are employed in fields that are not aligned with the vocational competencies they acquired during their education. This condition indicates that the success of vocational education cannot be measured solely by employment status, but must also be assessed based on the alignment between the field of study and the graduates’ occupational fields. In this context, career guidance services play a strategic role in assisting students to understand themselves, plan their careers, and make realistic and sustainable career decisions.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of career guidance services on the career linearity of SMK graduates using the CIPPO evaluation approach (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome) based on Donald Super’s career development theory. This evaluative study involved the principal, guidance and counseling teachers, students, and alumni of SMK Negeri 1 Singgahan as research subjects. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and document analysis, and were analyzed descriptively to examine the interrelationships among evaluation components and the impact of career guidance services on graduates.
The results indicated that the context, input, process, and product components of career guidance services were in the good category, suggesting that the services had been designed and implemented in a relatively systematic manner and were able to enhance students’ career readiness. However, the outcome component showed that the career linearity of graduates was still at a moderate level. This finding indicates a gap between the career readiness developed during schooling and the realization of graduates’ careers after graduation. Therefore, the CIPPO evaluation approach based on Donald Super’s theory is considered relevant for providing a comprehensive overview and serving as a basis for improving career guidance services so that they can have a more tangible impact on graduates’ career linearity.
Keywords: career guidance; career linearity; SMK graduates; CIPPO evaluation; Donald Super’s career development theory.