Hubungan Asupan Lemak, Kalsium, Magnesium dan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Dismenorea Primer Pada Siswi SMAN 9 Surabaya
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTAKE OF FAT, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH DISMENORE PRIMER INCIDENT TO STUDENT OF SMAN 9 SURABAYA
Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari masa kanak-kanak menuju dewasa yang mengalami perubahan-perubahan dalam proses pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan kognitif, psikososial, kematangan mental dan ketidakstabilan emosional. Pada remaja akan mengalami masa pubertas, dimana salah satu ciri-ciri pubertas pada wanita yaitu terjadinya menstruasi. Menstruasi merupakan proses keluarnya darah, lendir dan sisa-sisa sel dari vagina yang terjadi diakibatkan oleh siklus bulanan alami pada tubuh perempuan. Dalam menstruasi, terdapat beberapa macam gangguan salah satunya yaitu dismenorea. Dismenorea salah satunya disebabkan oleh asupan zat gizi dan status gizi seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan lemak, kalsium, magnesium dan status gizi dengan kejadian dismenorea primer pada siswi SMAN 9 Surabaya.
Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional study. Lokasi penelitian yaitu SMAN 9 Surabaya dengan waktu penelitian bulan desember 2021 – Agustus 2022. Metode sampling menggunakan Simple Random Sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System (VMSS), Semi Quantitative – Food Frequency Quissionare (SQ-FFQ) dan pengukuran (alat). Uji hasil melalui uji analisis univariate dan uji bivariate menggunakan uji Chi-Square.
Rata-rata asupan lemak responden sebesar 159,13 gr/hari, rata-rata asupan kalsium responden sebesar 837,69 mg/ hari dan rata-rata asupan magnesium responden sebesar 413,93 mg/hari. Hasil uji Chi-square antara hubungan asupan lemak dengan kejadian dismenore primer menunjukkan p value = 0,025 dan korelasi pearson = 0,237, hubungan asupan kalsium dengan kejadian dismenorea primer menunjukkan p value = 0,026 dan korelasi pearson = -0,236, hubungan asupan magnesium dengan kejadian dismenorea primer menunjukkan p value = 0,019 dan korelasi pearson = -0,249, sedangkan hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian dismenorea primer menunjukkan p value = 0,000 dan korelasi pearson = 0,401.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan lemak, kalsium, magnesium dan status gizi dengan kejadian dismenorea primer pada siswi SMAN 9 Surabaya.
Kata kunci : asupan, lemak, kalsium, magnesium, dismenorea primer
Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood which undergoes changes in the process of physical growth, cognitive development, psychosocial, mental maturity and emotional instability. Adolescents will experience puberty, where one of the characteristics of puberty in women is the occurrence of menstruation. Menstruation is the process of discharge of blood, mucus and cell remnants from the vagina that occurs due to the natural monthly cycle of the female body. In menstruation, there are several kinds of disorders, one of which is dysmenorrhea. One of the causes of dysmenorrhea is the intake of nutrients and a person's nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between intake of fat, calcium, magnesium and nutritional status with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in female students of SMAN 9 Surabaya.
This type of research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional study approach. The research location is SMAN 9 Surabaya with research time in December 2021 - August 2022. The sampling method uses Simple Random Sampling. The data collection instruments used were Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System (VMSS), Semi Quantitative – Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and measurements (tools). Test results through univariate analysis test and bivariate test using Chi-Square test.
The average respondent's fat intake is 159.13 g/day, the respondent's average calcium intake is 837.69 mg/day and the respondent's magnesium intake is 413.93 mg/day. The results of the Chi-square test between the relationship of fat intake with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea showed p value = 0.025 and Pearson correlation = 0.237, the relationship between calcium intake and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea showed p value = 0.026 and Pearson correlation = -0.236, the relationship between magnesium intake and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea showed p value = 0.019 and Pearson correlation = -0.249, while the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea showed p value = 0.000 and Pearson correlation = 0.401.
It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between intake of fat, calcium, magnesium and nutritional status with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in female students of SMAN 9 Surabaya.
Keywords: intake, fat, calcium, magnesium, primary dysmenorrhea