RANCANG BANGUN CHARGING STATION VOKASI UNESA UNTUK SEPEDA LISTRIK DENGAN MULTI MODE CHARGING
DESIGN AND BUILD UNESA VOCATIONAL CHARGING STATION FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLES WITH MULTI MODE CHARGING
Perkembangan kendaraan listrik di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan signifikan, didorong oleh kesadaran lingkungan dan dukungan kebijakan pemerintah. Sepeda listrik menjadi pilihan transportasi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan, termasuk di lingkungan kampus. Namun, ketersediaan fasilitas pengisian daya masih terbatas dan belum menjangkau kawasan pendidikan. Selain itu, banyaknya merek dan variasi konektor pada sepeda listrik sering menyulitkan pengguna dalam melakukan pengisian daya. Permasalahan ini menunjukkan perlunya pengembangan charging station yang fleksibel, mudah diakses, dan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) untuk merancang charging station dengan multi mode charging. Sistem dirancang dengan tiga mode pengisian serta dilengkapi modul cut-off otomatis, konektor ganda, dan monitoring berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32. Pengujian dilakukan pada sepeda listrik 48V baterai sealed lead acid menggunakan variasi mode yaitu normal (3A), medium (5A), fast (7A) untuk menganalisis waktu pengisian pada tiap mode.
Hasil uji kinerja charging station VOKASI UNESA menunjukkan bahwa waktu pengisian pada mode normal (3 A) tercatat sebesar 197 menit, pada mode medium (5 A) sebesar 131 menit, dan pada mode fast (7 A) sebesar 108 menit, yang menandakan adanya pengaruh signifikan arus pengisian terhadap durasi pengisian baterai. Perbedaan tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa peningkatan arus mampu mempercepat laju pengisian tanpa menimbulkan gangguan pada kestabilan sistem, sehingga proses pengisian tetap berlangsung secara terkontrol dan aman.
Kata kunci: Charging Station, Sepeda Listrik, Mode Pengisian, Konektor.
The development of electric vehicles in Indonesia has increased significantly, driven by environmental awareness and government policy support. Electric bicycles are an environmentally friendly alternative transportation option, including in the campus environment. However, the availability of charging facilities is still limited and has not reached the education area. In addition, the many brands and variations of connectors on electric bikes often make it difficult for users to charge. This problem shows the need to develop charging stations that are flexible, easily accessible, and able to meet user needs.
This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method to design a charging station with multi-mode charging. The system is designed with three charging modes and features an automatic cut-off module , and ESP32 microcontroller-based monitoring. The test was carried out on a 48V sealed lead acid battery electric bike using a variety of modes, namely normal (3A), medium (5A), fast (7A) to analyze the charging time in each mode.
The results of the UNESA VOCATIONAL charging station function test showed that the charging time in normal mode (3 A) was recorded at 197 minutes, in medium mode (5 A) it was 131 minutes, and in fast mode (7 A) was 108 minutes, which indicates a significant influence of charging current on battery charging duration. This difference shows that the increase in current is able to accelerate the charging rate without causing disruption to the stability of the system, so that the charging process continues in a controlled and safe manner.
Keywords: Charging Station, Electric Bike, Charging Mode, Current, Charging Time