Pola Komunikasi Orang Tua pada Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Usia Dini dengan Specific Language Impairment

Parental Communication Patterns on the Speaking Ability of Early Childhood Children with Specific Language Impairment

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola komunikasi orang tua pada kemampuan berbicara anak usia dini dengan specific language impairment (SLI). SLI adalah gangguan perkembangan bahasa tanpa gangguan neurologis, sensorik, atau intelektual, tetapi berdampak pada kemampuan berbicara anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan studi kasus. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 8 orang yaitu 2 pasang orang tua dan 4 significant other yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling sesuai krakteristik peneliti. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara semi tersturktur dan dianalisis melalui 3 tahap yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa awalnya anak mengalami SLI karena kurang komunikasi orang tua ke anak. Pola komunikasi orang tua yaitu conversation oriention dan conformity orientation baik secara verbal maupun non verbal yang digunakan orang tua untuk berkomunikasi dengan anak mereka yang mengalami SLI, dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara anak.

Kata kunci: Pola Komunikasi Orang Tua, Kemampuan Berbicara, Anak Usia Dini dengan Specific Language Impairment

This study aims to examine the communication patterns of parents on the speech abilities of early childhood children with specific language impairment (SLI). SLI is a language development disorder without neurological, sensory, or intellectual disorders, but it impacts the child's speech abilities. This study used a qualitative case study approach. The research participants were 8 people, namely 2 pairs of parents and 4 significant others who were selected through a purposive sampling technique according to the characteristics of the researchers. Data collection used semi-structured interviews and were analyzed through 3 stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that initially children experience SLI due to lack of parent-child communication. Parental communication patterns, namely conversation orientation and conformity orientation, both verbally and non-verbally, used by parents to communicate with their children with SLI, can improve children's speech abilities.

Keywords: Parental Communication Patterns, Speech Ability, Early Childhood with Specific Language Impairment