Representasi Masyarakat Modern dalam Novel Agensi Rumah Tangga Karya Almira Bastari: Tindakan Sosial Max Weber

Representation of Modern Society in Almira Bastari's Novel Household Agency: Max Weber's Social Action

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tindakan sosial para tokoh yang merepresentasikan masyarakat modern dalam novel Agensi Rumah Tangga menggunakan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber yang terdiri dari tindakan rasionalitas instrumental, tindakan rasionalitas nilai, tindakan afektif, dan tindakan tradisional. Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel Agensi Rumah Tangga karya Almira Bastari, data berupa unit-unit teks yang berkaitan dengan sumber masalah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tindakan rasionalitas instrumental merepresentasikan karakteristik masyarakat modern berbentuk 1) Rasionalisasi, 2) Teknologi dan media massa, 3) Urbanisasi, 4) Individualisme, 5) Mobilitas sosial. Tindakan rasionalitas nilai merepresentasikan karakteristik masyarrakat modern berupa 1) Rasionalisasi, 2) Individualisme, 3) Pergeseran budaya. Tindakan afektif merepresentasikan karakteristik masyarakat modern berupa 1) Teknologi dan media massa, 2) Individualisme, 3) Pergeseran budaya, 4) Globalisasi. Tindakan tradisional yang hadir dalam masyarakat modern berupa 1) Pemikiran tradisional, 2) Adat guyub, dan 3) Tradisi tumpeng.

Kata Kunci: Masyarakat modern, tindakan rasionalitas instrumental, tindakan rasionalitas nilai, tindakan afektif, dan tindakan tradisional.

This study aims to describe the social actions of the characters who represent modern society in the novel Agensi Rumah Tangga by Almira Bastari, using Max Weber’s theory of social action, which includes instrumental rational action, value-rational action, affective action, and traditional action. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, as the data source for this research is the novel Agensi Rumah Tangga, with data in the form of textual units related to the research problem. The data were collected through documentation techniques. The results of the study indicate that instrumental rational action reflects the characteristics of modern society in the form of: (1) rationalization, (2) technology and mass media, (3) urbanization, (4) individualism, and (5) social mobility. Value-rational action represents the characteristics of modern society such as: (1) rationalization, (2) individualism, and (3) cultural shifts. Affective action reflects modern society through: (1) technology and mass media, (2) individualism, (3) cultural shifts, and (4) globalization. Meanwhile, traditional action that still exists in modern society is represented through: (1) traditional thinking, (2) communal customs, and (3) the tumpeng tradition.

Keywords: Modern society, instrumental rational action, value-rational action, affective action, traditional action.