Kajian Pendapatan Usaha Warung Makan di Kelurahan Indro, Kecamatan Kebomas, Kabupaten Gresik

Study Of Income From Food Stalls In Indro Village, Kebomas District, Gresik Regency

Abstrak

Pada masa pandemi pabrik memberlakukan PPKM yang mengakibatkan usaha warung makan menjadi sepi pelanggan. Hasil survei pada usaha warung makan di Kelurahan Indro, terdapat 31 warung makan yang tersebar di beberapa wilayah. Hasil survei pra pendahuluan yang dilakukan peneliti sebanyak 10 pedagang warung makan atau 100 % pedagang ini menyatakan bahwa pada saat pandemi covid 19 hasil dagangan mengalami penurunan pendapatan sebesar 25 % hingga 75 %. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis 1) karakteristik pedagang warung makan di Kelurahan Indro, 2) perbedaan pendapatan usaha warung makan sebelum dan saat pandemi covid 19 di Kelurahan Indro.

Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Rancangan penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pelaku usaha warung makan di Kelurahan Indro sebesar 31 responden, karena populasinya berjumlah 31 responden maka keseluruhan populasi dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif atau persentase, uji paired sample t-test, dan uji regresi linier sederhana.

Hasil penelitian 1) mayoritas usia pedagang yaitu 41-50 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, mayoritas berdomisili di Kelurahan Indro, serta mayoritas memiliki anak dan tanggungan dua orang, keragaman menu yang dijual bervariasi, pendapatan pedagang beragaman mulai dari 9.000.000 sampai 63.000.000/bulan, tetapi pada saat pandemi mengalami penurunan, tenaga kerja pedagang mayoritas 1-2 orang, lama usaha setiap pedagang juga bervariasi, pedagang berjualan mulai dari tiga sampai 24 jam atau non stop, lokasi tempat usaha mempengaruhi jumlah pembeli karena strategis, modal yang digunakan bervariasi mulai dari 500.000 sampai 2.000.000, warung makan wajib membayar biaya retribusi di masing-masing RT/RW, lahan usaha yang digunakan mayoritas lahan sewa. 2) hasil uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikasi sebesar 0,001 yang berarti kurang dari 0,05, sehingga terdapat perbedaan pendapatan pedagang warung makan sebelum dan saat pandemi covid 19 di Kelurahan Indro.

Kata Kunci: Penurunan Pendapatan, Usaha Warung Makan, Covid 19

Abstract

During the pandemic, the factory imposed PPKM which resulted in the food stall business being empty of customers. The results of the survey on the food stall business in Indro Village, there are 31 food stalls spread across several areas. The results of a pre-preliminary survey conducted by researchers as many as 10 food stall traders or 100% of these traders stated that during the Covid 19 pandemic their merchandise decreased by 25% to 75%. The purpose of this study was to analyze 1) the characteristics of food stall traders in Indro Village, 2) differences in food stall business income before and during the Covid 19 pandemic in Indro Village.

This type of research uses survey research with a quantitative approach. The design of this research is cross sectional. The population in this study were all food stall business actors in Indro Village with 31 respondents, because the population only amounted to 31 respondents, the entire population was sampled. Data collection techniques used are interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative or percentage, paired sample t-test, and simple linear regression test.

The results of the study 1) the majority of traders are 41-50 years old, female, the majority live in Indro Village, and the majority have children and two dependents, the variety of menus sold varies, the income of traders varies from 9,000,000 to 63,000,000 / month, but when the pandemic decreases, the majority of the trader's workforce is 1-2 people, the length of business of each trader also varies, traders sell from three hours to 24 hours or non-stop, the location of the place of business affects the number of buyers because it is strategic, the capital needed is used varies from 500,000 to 2,000,000, food stalls are required to pay a retribution fee in each RT/RW, the majority of business land used is leased land. 2) The results of the paired sample t-test show that the significance value is 0.001 which means less than 0.05, so there is a difference in the income of food stall traders before and during the covid 19 pandemic in Indro Village.

Keywords: Decreased Income, Restaurant Business, Covid 19