FABRIKASI NANOFIBER PVA-EKSTRAK DAUN Annona muricata L. (SIRSAK) SEBAGAI PENUTUP LUKA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELECTROSPINNING

FABRICATION OF PVA NANOFIBER-EXTRACT OF Annona muricata L. (SOURSOP) LEAF AS A WOUND DRESSINGS USING THE ELECTROSPINNING METHOD

Sirsak atau Annona muricata L. merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang ada di Indonesia. Ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki kandungan kimia seperti tanin, alkaloid, dan fenol yang dapat melawan pertumbuhan beberapa bakteri pada luka seperti Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai wound dressing. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik dari nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak dan menganalisis efektivitas antibakteri nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak dalam menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Fabrikasi nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode electrospinning yang selanjutnya diuji FTIR, SEM-EDX, kuat tarik, dan antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak memiliki gugus fungsi amina N-H bending pada bilangan gelombang 1605 cm^-1 membuktikan bahwa material nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak memiliki senyawa alkaloid serta gugus fungsi O-H menunjukkan bahwa terdapat senyawa fenol yang bersifat antimikroba. Morfologi permukaan nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak berbentuk serat dan memiliki ukuran diameter  rentang 76 – 113 nanometer dan porositas sebesar 53% - 66%, serta memiliki karakteristik mekanik yang telah memenuhi standar material yang digunakan dibidang medis, dengan nilai kuat tarik sebesar 19 MPa, elongasi sebesar 41.66%, dan modulus young sebesar 45 MPa. Nanofiber PVA-Daun Sirsak dapat menghambat aktivitas antibakteri pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan efektivitas sebesar 74% dan 33%.

Kata kunci : Annona muricata L., Nanofiber, Wound Dressing.

Soursop or Annona muricata L. is one of the medicinal plants in Indonesia. Soursop leaf extract contains chemical compounds such as tannins, alkaloids and phenols which can fight the growth of some bacteria in wounds such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus so that they can be used as wound dressings. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber and to analyze the antibacterial effectiveness of PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber in inhibiting Staphylococus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. PVA Soursop Leaf nanofiber fabrication was carried out using the electrospinning method which was further characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, tensile strength, and antibacterial properties. The results of the study explained that PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber had an amine functional group N-H bending at wave number 1605 cm-1, proving that the PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber material has alkaloid compounds and the O-H functional group indicates that there are phenol compounds that are antimicrobial. The surface morphology of PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber is in the form of fiber and has a diameter size range of 76 – 113 nanometers and a porosity of 53% - 66%, and has mechanical characteristics that meet material standards used in the medical field, with a tensile strength value of 19 MPa, elongation of 41.66%, and Young's modulus of 45 MPa. PVA-Soursop Leaf nanofiber can inhibit antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with an effectiveness of 74% and 33%.

Keywords : Annona muricata L., Nanofiber, Wound Dressing.