PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA KEMBANGAN DALAM MEMFASILITASI MEDIASI PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERDATA MASYARAKAT

THE ROLE OF KEMBANGAN VILLAGE GOVERNMENT IN FACILITATING MEDIATION FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF CIVIL DISPUTES AMONG THE COMMUNITY

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran Pemerintah Desa Kembangan, Kecamatan Sukomoro, Kabupaten Magetan, dalam memfasilitasi mediasi penyelesaian sengketa perdata masyarakat. Rumusan masalah yang diteliti adalah peran dan mekanisme pemerintah desa dalam memfasilitasi mediasi serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat keberhasilannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, dan jurnal. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan konsep access to justice, teori peran, teori bantuan hukum, dan teori efektivitas hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Kembangan berperan sebagai fasilitator atau penengah, bukan sebagai pihak yang memutus sengketa. Mekanismenya meliputi penerimaan laporan, identifikasi persoalan, pemeriksaan dokumen, pemanggilan para pihak, musyawarah, penyusunan kesepakatan tertulis, dan pemberian rujukan kepada lembaga yang berwenang, sesuai Pasal 26 ayat (4) huruf k Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Keberhasilan mediasi didukung oleh kehadiran dan itikad baik para pihak, kepercayaan masyarakat, kelengkapan dokumen, serta budaya musyawarah dan kekeluargaan, dan terhambat oleh ketidakhadiran, tingginya emosi, ketidaklengkapan dokumen, keterbatasan kewenangan pemerintah desa, serta belum tertibnya prosedur dan pencatatan. Booklet waris–hibah, Posbankum Desa, dan JDIH Desa menjadi sarana preventif yang mendukung peningkatan kesadaran hukum masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: peran pemerintah desa, mediasi, sengketa perdata, access to justice, efektivitas hukum.

This study examines the role of the Kembangan Village Government, Sukomoro District, Magetan Regency, in facilitating mediation for the settlement of civil disputes within the community. The research problems concern the role and mechanism of the village government in facilitating mediation and the supporting and inhibiting factors of its success. This study employs an empirical legal method with a socio-juridical approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation, while secondary data were drawn from legislation, books, and journals. The analysis applies the concept of access to justice, role theory, legal aid theory, and the theory of legal effectiveness. The results show that the Kembangan Village Government acts as a facilitator or mediator rather than a decision maker. Its mechanism comprises receiving reports, identifying the issues, examining documents, summoning the parties, deliberation, drafting a written agreement, and referring cases to the competent institution, in accordance with Article 26 paragraph (4) letter k of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. The success of mediation is supported by the presence and good faith of the parties, public trust, completeness of documents, and the culture of deliberation, and is hindered by absence, high emotions, incomplete documents, the limited authority of the village government, and the lack of orderly procedures. The inheritance–grant booklet, the Village Legal Aid Post (Posbankum), and the Village JDIH serve as preventive means that support legal awareness in the community.

Keywords: village government role, mediation, civil dispute, access to justice, legal effectiveness.