STRATEGI ADAPTASI MEMPERTAHANKAN PENDAPATAN PETANI SELAMA MUSIM PACEKLIK DI DESA BAKULAN KECAMATAN TEMAYANG KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO

ADAPTATION STRATEGY TO MAINTAIN FARMERS INCOME DURING THE LEAN SEASON IN BAKULAN VILLAGE TEMAYANG DISTRICT BOJONEGORO REGENCY

Musim kemarau panjang membuat petani menghadapi kesulitan saat menanam tanaman pertanian karena keterbatasan pasokan air. Musim paceklik adalah periode ketika aktivitas pertanian di sawah berkurang akibat terbatasnya ketersediaan air. Kondisi ini menjadi tantangan serius bagi masyarakat petani di Desa Bakulan. Musim paceklik menyebabkan aktivitas pertanian terhenti, sehingga pendapatan yang diperoleh petani menurun karena sumber utama pendapatan mereka berasal dari sektor pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh individu, dan kelompok sosial masyarakat petani Desa Bakulan dalam upaya mempertahankan pendapatan selama musim paceklik.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu peneliti memilih satu atau dua orang sebagai informan awal dengan memilih ketua kelompok tani di Desa Bakulan sebagai informan kunci. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan dokumen, serta jurnal pendukung. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani di Desa Bakulan tidak menyerah pada kondisi kekeringan, melainkan merespons secara adaptif melalui berbagai strategi. Strategi individu yang ditemukan meliputi pembangunan embung sebagai penampungan air hujan, diversifikasi usaha tani dan kontribusi anggota keluarga. Sementara itu strategi kelompok dilakukan melalui kerja sama antarpetani, simpan pinjam modal dan peran aktif kelompok tani dalam mengatasi keterbatasan sumber daya.

Kata kunci: Adaptasi petani, kekeringan, pendapatan petani

Long dry season makes farmers face difficulties when planting agricultural crops due to limited water supply. The lean season is a period when agricultural activities in the fields are reduced due to limited water availability. This condition is a serious challenge for the farming community in Bakulan Village. The lean season causes agricultural activities to stop, so that the income obtained by farmers decreases because their main source of income comes from the agricultural sector. This study aims to examine the adaptation strategies carried out by individuals, groups, and social networks of the Bakulan Village farming community in an effort to maintain income during the lean season.

This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The determination of informants was carried out using the purposive sampling technique, namely the researcher chose one or two people as initial informants by choosing the head of the farmer group in Bakulan Village as the key informant. Data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data used are primary data and secondary data obtained from interviews and documents, as well as supporting journals. Data analysis was carried out through three stages, namely data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions.

The results of the study showed that farmers in Bakulan Village did not give up on drought conditions, but responded adaptively through various strategies. Individual strategies found included the construction of reservoirs as rainwater reservoirs, diversification of farming businesses and contributions from family members. Meanwhile, group strategies were carried out through cooperation between farmers, savings and loans and the active role of farmer groups in overcoming resource limitations.

Keywords: Farmer adaptation, drought, farmer income