Kajian Sosial Ekonomi Perajin Kue Pada Era Pandemi Di Kampung Kue Kelurahan Kalirungkut Kota Surabaya

Socio-Economic Study of Kampung Kue in the Pandemic Era in Kampung Kue, Kalirungkut Village, Surabaya City

Kampung Kue merupakan sebutan bagi wilayah Rungkut Lor II, Kelurahan Kalirungkut. Hampir di setiap sudut kampung tersebut warganya berprofesi sebagai perajin kue. Pemasaran kue oleh perajin Kampung Kue menjangkau di dalam kota Surabaya, luar kota, hingga Malaysia. Kampung Kue dikenal sebagai sentra berbagai jenis dan varian kue. Masa pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi saat ini membuat daya beli masyarakat menurun dan berimbas pada penurunan permintaan pasar akan kue, penurunan omzet usaha kerajinan kue, pendapatan perajin kue, serta jangkauan pemasaran kue. Rata-rata pendapatan perajin kue saat sebelum pandemi sebesar Rp 8.000.000,00/bulan. Pada saat pandemi Covid-19 rata-rata pendapatan perajin kue sebesar Rp 4.000.000,00/bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji: 1) Strategi perajin kue untuk mempertahankan ekonominya di masa pandemi Covid – 19, 2) Distribusi jangkauan pemasaran hasil produksi kue di Kampung Kue, Kelurahan Kalirungkut, 3) Pendapatan perajin kue pada masa pandemi Covid -19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Responden dalam penelitian ini merupakan seluruh perajin kue yang tergabung dalam komunitas Kampung Kue sebanyak 65 perajin, baik perajin kue serta karyawan yang membantu usaha kue. Teknik penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive atau sengaja. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan, wawancara terstruktur berdasarkan kuisioner, serta metode dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Strategi yang dilakukan oleh mayoritas perajin kue di Kampung Kue pada masa pandemi yakni promosi online sebanyak 18 perajin (27,7%), 2) Jangkauan pemasaran hasil produksi kue oleh komunitas Kampung Kue pada masa pandemi sebagian besar mencakup wilayah sekitar Kampung Kue kelurahan Kalirungkut sebanyak 26 perajin (40%), 3) Pendapatan perajin kue pada masa pandemi Covid – 19 mengalami penurunan. Rata-rata penurunan yang terjadi yakni sekitar 50% dari pendapatan sebelum pandemi, penurunan dengan selisih tertinggi yakni hingga 88% dari pendapatan sebelum pandemi, penurunan terendah 0% atau tidak terjadi penurunan pendapatan. Kata Kunci: Kondisi Sosial, Ekonomi, Ekonomi Perajin , Kampung Kue

Kampung Kue is the name for the area in Rungkut Lor II, Kalirungkut village. Almost in every corner of the village residents work as cake craftsmen. Cake marketing by Kampung Kue craftsmen reaches within the city, outside the city, to Malaysia. Kampung Kue is known as a center for various types and variants of cakes. However, in the midst of the current Covid-19 pandemic, people's purchasing power has decreased and this has resulted in a decrease in market demand for cakes, a decrease in the turnover of the cake craft business, the income of cake craftsmen, and the reach of cake marketing. The average income of cake craftsmen before the pandemic was IDR 8,000,000.00 then during the Covid-19 pandemic the average income of cake craftsmen was IDR 4,000,000.00. So, based on these events, the purpose of this research is to examine 1) the strategy of cake craftsmen to maintain their economy during the Covid-19 pandemic; 2) Distribution of marketing reach for cake production in Kue Village, Kalirungkut Village; 3) The income of cake craftsmen during the Covid -19 pandemic. This study uses a descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. Respondents in this study were all cake craftsmen who were members of the Kampung Kue community as many as 65 craftsmen, both cake entrepreneurs and employees who helped the cake business. The technique of determining the location is done purposively or intentionally. Methods of collecting data were field observations, structured interviews based on questionnaires, and documentation methods. The results of the data study show 1) The strategies carried out by the majority of cake entrepreneurs in Kampung Kue during the pandemic were 18 (27.7%) online promotions; 2) The marketing reach of cake production by the Kampung Kue community during the pandemic mostly covered around Kampung Kue, Kelurahan Kalirungkut 26 (40%) entrepreneurs; 3) The income of cake craftsmen during the Covid-19 pandemic has decreased. The average decline that occurred was about 50% of prepandemic income, a decrease with the highest difference of up to 88% of pre-pandemic income, the lowest 0% decrease or no decrease in income. Keywords: Social Conditions, Economy, Craftsmen's Economy, Kampung Kue