Pemodelan Fondasi Tiang Pancang Terhadap Daya Dukung dan Penurunan Menggunakan Software Plaxis 3D (Studi Kasus Gedung Tower 03 CW 01 ITS)

Pile Foundation Modeling on Bearing Capacity and Settlement Using Plaxis 3D Software (Case Study: Tower 03 CW 01 ITS Building)

Fondasi tiang pancang digunakan pada proyek Gedung Tower 03 CW 01 ITS untuk mengatasi kondisi tanah lunak yang memiliki daya dukung rendah dan potensi penurunan besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi daya dukung dan penurunan tiang pancang menggunakan pemodelan numerik dengan Plaxis 3D dan membandingkannya dengan hasil uji lapangan serta metode analitik. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus kuantitatif dengan simulasi pada berbagai kedalaman.

Hasil menunjukkan daya dukung ultimate tiang tunggal dari Plaxis pada kedalaman 28,5 m sebesar 404,73 ton, hanya selisih 4% dari uji PDA, menunjukkan akurasi tinggi. Daya dukung izin kelompok sebesar 2023,63 ton masih aman terhadap beban kerja 1393,5 ton, namun belum optimal secara efisiensi. Penurunan tiang tunggal dari simulasi sebesar 8,83 mm mendekati hasil PDA (10,65 mm), sementara penurunan kelompok hanya 2,7 mm. Kedalaman berpengaruh signifikan: semakin dalam tiang, daya dukung meningkat dan penurunan menurun. Desain paling efisien diperoleh pada kedalaman 26 meter dengan 9 tiang, mencapai efisiensi 90,3% terhadap beban rencana.

 Kata kunci: fondasi tiang pancang, daya dukung, penurunan, Plaxis 3D, tanah lunak, efisiensi desain.

Pile foundations were used in the Tower 03 CW 01 ITS building project to address soft soil conditions, which are characterized by low bearing capacity and high settlement potential. This study aims to evaluate the bearing capacity and settlement of pile foundations using numerical modeling with Plaxis 3D and compare the results with field tests and analytical methods. A quantitative case study approach was employed, simulating various pile depths.

The results show that the ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile from Plaxis at a depth of 28.5 m is 404.73 tons, with only a 4% difference from the PDA test result, indicating high accuracy. The allowable bearing capacity for the pile group is 2023.63 tons, which remains within the safe limit for a working load of 1393.5 tons but is not yet fully efficient. Settlement from Plaxis for a single pile is 8.83 mm, closely matching the PDA result of 10.65 mm, while group pile settlement is only 2.7 mm. Depth has a significant impact: the deeper the pile, the higher the bearing capacity and the lower the settlement. The most efficient design was found at a depth of 26 meters with 9 piles, achieving 90.3% efficiency relative to the design load.

Keywords: pile foundation, bearing capacity, settlement, Plaxis 3D, soft soil, foundation efficiency.