PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KEDONDONG (Spondias dulcis L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL DAN BERAT BADAN MENCIT (Mus musculus) DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II

EFFECT OF AMBARELLA LEAF EXTRACT (Spondias dulcis L.) IN REDUCING TOTAL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND BODY WEIGHT OF MICE (Mus Musculus) WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II

Penderita obesitas berisiko tinggi mengidap diabetes melitus (DM) karena penumpukan lemak dapat memicu ketidakmampuan sel dalam menerima insulin yang ditangkap reseptor. Daun kedondong mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi menurunkan kadar kolesterol total. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun kedondong terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total, berat badan, serta dosis yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan mencit DM II. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor mencit jantan yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu KN (normal), KP (DM), K1 (dosis ekstrak 250 mg/kgBB), K2 (350 mg/kgBB), K3 (450 mg/kgBB), dan KM (metformin). Pengukuran kadar kolesterol total menggunakan alat ukur merek EasyTouch. Pengukuran berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital. Data kadar kolesterol dan berat badan dianalisis dengan uji One Way ANOVA, untuk mengetahui perlakuan terbaik dilakukan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kedondong berpengaruh terhadap kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan mencit diabetes melitus (p<0,05). Pengaruh paling baik ditunjukkan oleh dosis ekstrak daun kedondong 450 mg/kgBB (K3) dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan mencit DM II. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak daun kedondong berpengaruh terhadap kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan mencit DM II, serta dosis ekstrak daun kedondong 450 mg/kgBB adalah dosis paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan berat badan pada mencit DM II.

Obesity has a high risk in developing diabetes mellitus (DM) because of the accumulation of fat can trigger the inability cell to receive insulin captured by receptors. Ambarella leaf contain flavonoids which have the potential to reduce total cholesterol levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of ambarella leaf extract in reducing total cholesterol levels, body weight, and the influence of the effective extract of diabetic mice type II. This was an experimental research with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). This study used 24 male mice which were divided into 6 groups namely KN (normal), KP (DM), K1 (extract dose of 250 mg/kgBB), K2 (350 mg/kgBB), K3 (450 mg/kgBB), and KM (metformin). Measuring total cholesterol levels used an EasyTouch meter. Weight measurement used digital scales. Data of cholesterol levels and body weight were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. Duncan's test was used to determine the best treatment in this study. The results showed that ambarella leaf extract had an effect of total cholesterol levels and body weight in mice with diabetes mellitus (p<0.05). The best effect was shown by a dose of 450 mg/kgBB (K3) ambarella leaf extract in reducing total cholesterol levels and body weight in diabetic mice type II. In conclusion, ambarella leaf extract have effect of reducing total cholesterol levels and body weight in mice with diabetes mellitus type II, the dose of ambarella leaf extract 450 mg/kgBB is the most effective dose in reducing total cholesterol levels and body weight in diabetic mice type II.