KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.) DAN RIMPANG JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale var Rubrum) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIINFLAMASI DENGAN METODE PENGHAMBATAN DENATURASI PROTEIN ALBUMIN PUTIH TELUR 

COMBINATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SAPPAN WOOD (Caesalpinia sappan L.) AND RED GINGER RHIZOME (Zingiber officinale var Rubrum) AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENT BY METHOD OF PROTEIN DENATURATION INHIBITION OF EGG WHITE ALBUMIN

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui total flavonoid yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol kayu secang dan rimpang jahe merah serta mengetahui dan memperoleh persentase inhibisi denaturasi protein albumin dari ekstrak etanol kayu secang, ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe merah, dan kombinasi dari kedua ekstrak. Penelitian ini diawali dengan ekstraksi kayu secang dan rimpang jahe merah yang dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Diperoleh persen rendemen ekstrak etanol kayu secang sebesar 8,708% dan 7,031% untuk persen rendemen ekstrak rimpang jahe merah. Uji kualitatif flavonoid dengan shinoda test menunjukkan hasil positif masing-masing ekstrak mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Uji kuantitatif flavonoid (kadar total flavonoid) masing-masing ekstrak menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Diperoleh kadar total flavonoid ekstrak etanol kayu secang sebesar 37,91 mgQE/g dan rimpang jahe merah sebesar 26,47 mgQE/g. Uji aktivitas antiinflamasi masing-masing ekstrak dan kombinasi dari kedua ekstrak (F1, F2, dan F3) dengan metode penghambatan denaturasi protein albumin putih telur dengan natrium diklofenak sebagai kontrol positif. Ekstrak etanol kayu secang, F1, dan F2 mulai menunjukkan aktivitas antiinflamasi pada konsentrasi 40 ppm, sedangkan ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe merah dan F3 pada konsentrasi 80 ppm. Natrium diklofenak pada konsentrasi 6 ppm sudah menunjukkan aktivitas antiinflamasi. Diperoleh nilai IC50 (ppm) ekstrak etanol kayu secang, ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe merah, F1, F2, F3, dan natrium diklofenak yaitu 99,99; 200,21;119,81; 114,09; 163,06; dan 14,46.

Kata kunci: kayu secang, rimpang jahe merah, flavonoid, aktivitas antiinflamasi

The purpose of this study was to determine the total flavonoids contained in ethanol extracts of sappan wood and red ginger rhizome and to determine and obtain the percentage of inhibition of albumin protein denaturation from ethanol extract of sappan wood, ethanol extract of red ginger rhizome, and a combination of both extracts. This study was began with the extraction of sappan wood and red ginger rhizome which was carried out by maceration method using ethanol solvent. The percent yield of sappan wood and red ginger rhizome ethanol extracts were 8.708% and 7.031%, respectively. Qualitative flavonoid test using shinoda test, showed positive results of ethanol extract of sappan wood and red ginger rhizome containing flavonoids. Then, quantitative flavonoid test (total flavonoid content) using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method on the both extracts obtained 37.91 mgQE/g and 26.47 mgQE/g, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity using the method of inhibiting the denaturation of hen egg white albumin protein was tested on the extracts and the combination of the both extracts (F1, F2, and F3) with diclofenac sodium as a positive control. As a result, three samples (SW, F1, and F2) began to showed anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 40 ppm. For a while RGR and F3 also showed anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 80 ppm. But, diclofenac sodium showed anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 8 ppm. Regarding to IC50 values (ppm), it was reported that SW, RGR, F1, F2, F3, and diclofenac sodium were 99,99; 200,21;119,81; 114,09; 163,06; 14,46; respectively.

Keywords: sappan wood, red ginger rhizome, flavonoid, anti inflammatory activity