PERAN KEPRIBADIAN PROAKTIF DALAM MEMBANGUN SELF EFFICACY DAN MOTIVASI BEROLAHRAGA PADA MAHASISWA

The Role of Proactive Personality in Building Self Efficacy and Exercise Motivation in College Students

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepribadian proaktif terhadap self efficacy dan motivasi berolahraga pada mahasiswa, serta mengetahui peran mediasi self efficacy. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 93 mahasiswa aktif Institut Keguruan dan Teknologi Larantuka yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, meliputi skala kepribadian proaktif, self efficacy, dan motivasi berolahraga. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linier dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kepribadian proaktif tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap self efficacy (R² = 0,006, F = 0,504, p = 0,480, β = -0,074). (2) Self efficacy berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi berolahraga (R² = 0,174, F = 19,121, p = 0,000, β = 0,417). (3) Kepribadian proaktif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi berolahraga (R² = 0,061, F = 5,931, p = 0,017, β = 0,247). (4) Self efficacy tidak memediasi hubungan antara kepribadian proaktif dan motivasi berolahraga (Z-hitung = -0,698, p > 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kepribadian proaktif secara langsung memengaruhi motivasi berolahraga tanpa peran mediasi dari self efficacy. Oleh karena itu, program pembinaan olahraga perlu difokuskan pada peningkatan motivasi secara langsung melalui dorongan proaktif, pengalaman sukses, dan dukungan sosial.

Kata Kunci: kepribadian proaktif, self efficacy, motivasi berolahraga, mahasiswa

This study aims to analyze the influence of proactive personality on self efficacy and exercise motivation among students, as well as the mediating role of self efficacy. The research used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional design. The sample consisted of 93 active students from the Institute of Teacher Training and Technology of Larantuka, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires measuring proactive personality, self efficacy, and exercise motivation. Data analysis was performed using linear regression and path analysis. The results show that: (1) Proactive personality does not significantly affect self efficacy (R² = 0.006, F = 0.504, p = 0.480, β = -0.074). (2) Self efficacy positively and significantly affects exercise motivation (R² = 0.174, F = 19.121, p = 0.000, β = 0.417). (3) Proactive personality positively and significantly affects exercise motivation (R² = 0.061, F = 5.931, p = 0.017, β = 0.247). (4) Self efficacy does not mediate the relationship between proactive personality and exercise motivation (Sobel Test Z = -0.698, p > 0.05). The study concludes that proactive personality directly influences exercise motivation without mediation from self efficacy. Therefore, sports programs should focus on enhancing motivation directly through proactive encouragement, successful experiences, and social support.

Keywords: proactive personality, self efficacy, exercise motivation, university students