Studi Fenomenologi Mekanisme Koping pada Individu Pasca Putus Cinta

A Phenomenological Study of Coping Mechanisms in Individuals After a Breakup

Putus cinta merupakan pengalaman emosional yang dapat memicu tekanan psikologis, terutama pada individu dewasa awal. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami pengalaman subjektif individu pasca putus cinta dan mekanisme koping yang digunakan dalam proses pemulihan emosional. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi deskriptif, lima partisipan berusia 28–33 tahun yang mengalami putus cinta dalam dua tahun terakhir diwawancarai secara mendalam. Hasil analisis tematik menunjukkan dinamika emosi yang kompleks, seperti kesedihan, kemarahan, hingga refleksi diri yang mengarah pada pertumbuhan psikologis. Strategi koping yang digunakan meliputi problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, serta pendekatan berbasis makna dan spiritualitas. Pemilihan strategi dipengaruhi oleh kondisi mental, kepribadian, konsep diri, dukungan sosial, dan sumber daya ekonomi. Media sosial berperan ambivalen sebagai sumber dukungan sekaligus pemicu distres. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa koping pasca putus cinta tidak hanya bersifat defensif, tetapi juga dapat menjadi proses transformasional menuju post-traumatic growth. Penelitian ini diharapkan memperkaya pemahaman tentang aspek psikologis dari kehilangan relasi intim serta mendukung pengembangan intervensi psikologis yang lebih kontekstual dan empatik.

Kata kunci: putus cinta, mekanisme koping, fenomenologi, dewasa awal, post-traumatic growth.

A romantic breakup is an emotional experience that can trigger psychological distress, particularly in early adulthood. This study aims to explore individuals’ subjective experiences following a breakup and the coping mechanisms they use during emotional recovery. Using a descriptive phenomenological qualitative approach, five participants aged 28–33 who experienced a breakup within the last two years were interviewed in depth. Thematic analysis revealed complex emotional dynamics, including sadness, anger, and self-reflection, which in some cases led to psychological growth. Coping strategies identified include problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and meaning- and spirituality-based approaches. The choice of coping strategies was influenced by mental health status, personality traits, self-concept, social support, and economic resources. Social media played an ambivalent role, serving both as a source of support and a trigger for emotional distress. The findings suggest that coping after a breakup is not merely a defensive process but can also be a transformational journey toward post-traumatic growth. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the psychological aspects of intimate relationship loss and supports the development of more contextual and empathetic psychological interventions for individuals navigating emotional recovery.

Keywords: breakup, coping mechanisms, phenomenology, early adulthood, post-traumatic growth.