PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KEGIATAN SISWA (LKS) BERBASIS SCIENTIFIC APPROACH UNTUKMENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA  PADA MATERI EKOSISTEM KELAS X SMA

DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEETS (LKS) BASED ON SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN ECOSYSTEM MATERIALS CLASS X SMA

Pendekatan saintifik atau scientific approach merupakan pembelajaran yang dirancang agar peserta didik secara aktif mengkonstruksi konsep, hukum atau prinsip melalui tahapan-tahapan mengamati bentuk, mengidentifikasi atau menemukan masalah, merumuskan masalah, mengajukan atau merumuskan hipotesis, mengumpulkan data dengan berbagai teknik, menganalisis data, menarik kesimpulan dan mengkomunikasikan konsep, hukum atau prinsip yang ditemukan.

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untukmenghasilkan Lembar Kegiatan Siswadan mendeskripsikan validitas LKS berbasis model pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach, untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi ekosistemkelas XSMA berdasarkan validitas, kepraktisan dan keefektifan.

Prosedur pengembangan LKS penelitian ini menggunakan metode 4D Models. Metode 4D Models memiliki tahapan define (pendefinisian), design (perencanaan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebaran).

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap validitas secara teoritis dan empiris, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKS melalui model  pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi ekosistem yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid, dengan rata-rata skor validitas sebesar 3,7 dan skor validator sebesar  33,64.

Berdasarkan penilaian dari validator tersebutmaka diperoleh rata-rata total penilaian secara keseluruhan yaitu 3.86, yang menunjukkan bahwa Tes Hasil Belajar (THB)berada pada kategori sangat valid karena berada pada interval p > 80.  Selanjutnya hasil persentase respon pesertadidik sebesar 23,04 dengan rata-rata akhir yaitu 2.95, sehingga diperoleh kriteria penilaian yaitu positif karena hasil rata-rataakhir berada pada interval 2,5 ≤ Xi < 3,5. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa LKS yang dikembangkan mendapat respon positifdari peserta didik.

Hasil keterampilan berpikir kritis menunjukkan peningkatan dengan perolehan N-gain sebesar 0,84 yang dikategorikan tinggi. Persentase jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM (tuntas) pada saat post-test sebesar 90% dengan nilai KKM 75 dan ketuntasan indikator pos-test  memperoleh persentase sebesar 100 % dengan kategori tuntas.

Berdasarkan presentasi ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada materiekosistem yaitu sebanyak 20 orang peserta didik 17 orang tersebut dinyatakan tuntas, sedangkan 3 orang peserta didiksehingga dinyatakan tidak tuntas. Untuk persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa sebesar 92%.

 Hasil keterampilan berpikir kritis diperoleh dari hasil tes keterampilan berpikir kritis yang diberikan kepada siswa yang berupa lembar (pre-test), hasilnya, sebelum pembelajaran dengan, dilakukan pre-test untuk mengetahui pengetahuan awal yang dimiliki siswa. Berdasarkan hasil uji fre-test diperoleh tingkat ketuntasn mencapai 30%, sedangkan hasil postest mencapai  90 %. hasil ketuntasan indikator pre-test sebesar75% dengan kategori kurang tuntas. Sedangkan, pada hasil post-test hasil ketuntasan (100%) indikator lebih tinggidibandingkan pada hasil pre-test. Ketercapaian setiap indikator pada hasil post-test dinyatakan dalam kategori tuntas sehingga menunjukkan bahwa tes keterampilan berpikir kritis terhadap materi yang diberikan dalam LKS yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak..

Kata Kunci:LKS, Model Pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach,Ketrampilan Berfikir Kritis.

Abstract

The scientific approach  is learning designed so that students actively construct concepts, laws or principles through the stages of observing forms, identifying or finding problems, formulating problems, proposing or formulating hypotheses, collecting data with various techniques, analyzing data, drawing conclusions and communicate the concepts, laws or principles found.

The research conducted aims to produce Student Activity Sheets describing the validity of student worksheets based on a scientific approach-based learning model, to train students' critical thinking skills on ecosystem material for class X SMA based on validity, practicality and effectiveness.

The procedure for developing the research worksheets using the 4D Models method. The 4D Models method has the stages of define, design, develop, and disseminate.

Based on the results of research on theoretical and empirical validity, it can be concluded that LKS through a scientific approach-based learning model to train students' critical thinking skills on the developed ecosystem material is declared very valid, with an average validity score of 3.7 and a validator score of 33.64.

Based on the assessment of the validator, the overall average score was 3.86, which indicates that the Learning Outcomes Test (THB) was in the very valid category because it was at the p> 80 interval. Furthermore, the percentage of students' responses was 23.04 with The final average is 2.95, so the assessment criteria are positive because the final average result is in the interval 2.5 ≤ Xi <3.5. This shows that the developed worksheets received a positive response from students.

The results of critical thinking skills showed an increase with the acquisition of N-gain of 0.84 which is categorized as high. The percentage of students who reached the KKM (complete) at the time of the post-test was 90% with a KKM score of 75 and the completeness of the post-test indicator obtained a percentage of 100% with the complete category.

Based on the presentation of the completeness of student learning outcomes on the ecosystem material, as many as 20 students, 17 students were declared complete, while 3 students were declared incomplete. The percentage of student learning completeness is 92%.

The results of critical thinking skills were obtained from the results of critical thinking skills tests given to students in the form of sheets (pre-test), the result, before learning with, was carried out a pre-test to find out the students' initial knowledge. Based on the results of the fre-test, the level of completeness reached 30%, while the post-test results reached 90%. the result of completeness of the pre-test indicator was 75% with the incomplete category. Meanwhile, in the post-test results the results of completeness (100%) of the indicators were higher than in the pre-test results. The achievement of each indicator in the post-test results is stated in the complete category so that it shows that the critical thinking skills test of the material given in the developed worksheets is in the very feasible category.

Keywords:LKS(STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEETS, Learning Model based on scientific approach, Critical Thinking Skills.